Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy

The demand for allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT), especially sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), is increasing because of its efficacy in inducing clinical remission of allergic diseases and its low risk of side effects. Since not all patients that undergo SLIT demonstrate an improvement in allergi...

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Autores principales:	Aiko Oka, Mitsuhiro Okano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sublingual immunotherapy allergic rhinitis microbiome IgG4 saliva Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6619ffd9530448ed8be9f730a1d1b602
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6619ffd9530448ed8be9f730a1d1b6022021-11-25T18:37:36ZRelationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy10.3390/pathogens101113582076-0817https://doaj.org/article/6619ffd9530448ed8be9f730a1d1b6022021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1358https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817The demand for allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT), especially sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), is increasing because of its efficacy in inducing clinical remission of allergic diseases and its low risk of side effects. Since not all patients that undergo SLIT demonstrate an improvement in allergic symptoms, the development of biomarkers to predict the outcome and adjuvants for SLIT is desired. Saliva is the first target with which tablets used in SLIT come into contact, and salivary pH, chemical properties or microbiome composition are reported to possibly be associated with the outcome of SLIT. Antibodies such as IgG4 and IgA not only in the serum but also in the saliva are increased after SLIT and may also be associated with the efficacy of SLIT. The development of the metagenomic sequencing technique makes it possible to determine the microbiome composition and ratio of each bacterium, and researchers can investigate the relationships between specific bacteria and the immune response. Some bacteria are reported to improve the SLIT outcome and have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the selection of patients and as adjuvants in SLIT. Here, we introduce biomarkers for SLIT and present recent findings regarding the relationship between saliva and SLIT.Aiko OkaMitsuhiro OkanoMDPI AGarticlesublingual immunotherapyallergic rhinitismicrobiomeIgG4salivaMedicineRENPathogens, Vol 10, Iss 1358, p 1358 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sublingual immunotherapy allergic rhinitis microbiome IgG4 saliva Medicine R
spellingShingle	sublingual immunotherapy allergic rhinitis microbiome IgG4 saliva Medicine R Aiko Oka Mitsuhiro Okano Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
description	The demand for allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT), especially sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), is increasing because of its efficacy in inducing clinical remission of allergic diseases and its low risk of side effects. Since not all patients that undergo SLIT demonstrate an improvement in allergic symptoms, the development of biomarkers to predict the outcome and adjuvants for SLIT is desired. Saliva is the first target with which tablets used in SLIT come into contact, and salivary pH, chemical properties or microbiome composition are reported to possibly be associated with the outcome of SLIT. Antibodies such as IgG4 and IgA not only in the serum but also in the saliva are increased after SLIT and may also be associated with the efficacy of SLIT. The development of the metagenomic sequencing technique makes it possible to determine the microbiome composition and ratio of each bacterium, and researchers can investigate the relationships between specific bacteria and the immune response. Some bacteria are reported to improve the SLIT outcome and have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the selection of patients and as adjuvants in SLIT. Here, we introduce biomarkers for SLIT and present recent findings regarding the relationship between saliva and SLIT.
format	article
author	Aiko Oka Mitsuhiro Okano
author_facet	Aiko Oka Mitsuhiro Okano
author_sort	Aiko Oka
title	Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
title_short	Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
title_full	Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
title_fullStr	Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed	Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy
title_sort	relationship between saliva and sublingual immunotherapy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6619ffd9530448ed8be9f730a1d1b602
work_keys_str_mv	AT aikooka relationshipbetweensalivaandsublingualimmunotherapy AT mitsuhirookano relationshipbetweensalivaandsublingualimmunotherapy
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Relationship between Saliva and Sublingual Immunotherapy

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