Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India

Abstract Background Globally, one in three women experienced domestic violence. Alike the scenario observed in India, and a very few studies talk about violence and its consequences on women's health. Hence, the purpose of this study is to access the level of various types of spousal violence i...

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Autores principales:	Mahadev Bramhankar, R. S. Reshmi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Adverse pregnancy outcome Reproductive health Spousal violence Sexual violence Physical violence Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6675df79a8694228bfee715740a9503c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6675df79a8694228bfee715740a9503c2021-11-07T12:21:01ZSpousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India10.1186/s12905-021-01515-x1472-6874https://doaj.org/article/6675df79a8694228bfee715740a9503c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01515-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1472-6874Abstract Background Globally, one in three women experienced domestic violence. Alike the scenario observed in India, and a very few studies talk about violence and its consequences on women's health. Hence, the purpose of this study is to access the level of various types of spousal violence in India and to understand the association between physical, sexual and emotional violence against ever-married women by their husbands. The study further examines the consequences of spousal violence on women's health in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health in India. Methods The study uses secondary data from National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4, 2015–16). The analysis was based on a sample of ever-married women aged 15–49 years. Bivariate descriptive analysis and multiple regression analyses have been carried out to understand the association between spousal violence and its consequences on women's health. Results The study finds that the physical, sexual and emotional violence experienced by ever-married women in India are 29.8%, 13.8% and 7.0%, respectively. Further, the physical and sexual violence experienced by women have a significant association with an unwanted pregnancy, abortion, miscarriages and ever had termination of pregnancies. The regression analysis shows that violence by sexual partners among battered women increased the likelihood of unwanted pregnancy. Similarly, abortion and ever had a termination of pregnancies are also adversely affected by partner violence. Further, the risk of sexually transmitted infection increases 77% by sexual violence and 44% by emotional violence among battered women. Also, Sexual violence substantially increases the risk of prolonged labour during pregnancy. Conclusion This study revealed that one in three women experiencing violence by their husband and also it is evident that various forms of spousal violence adversely affect pregnancies outcomes and reproductive health among battered women compared to not battered.Mahadev BramhankarR. S. ReshmiBMCarticleAdverse pregnancy outcomeReproductive healthSpousal violenceSexual violencePhysical violenceGynecology and obstetricsRG1-991Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENBMC Women's Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Adverse pregnancy outcome Reproductive health Spousal violence Sexual violence Physical violence Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Adverse pregnancy outcome Reproductive health Spousal violence Sexual violence Physical violence Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Mahadev Bramhankar R. S. Reshmi Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
description	Abstract Background Globally, one in three women experienced domestic violence. Alike the scenario observed in India, and a very few studies talk about violence and its consequences on women's health. Hence, the purpose of this study is to access the level of various types of spousal violence in India and to understand the association between physical, sexual and emotional violence against ever-married women by their husbands. The study further examines the consequences of spousal violence on women's health in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health in India. Methods The study uses secondary data from National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4, 2015–16). The analysis was based on a sample of ever-married women aged 15–49 years. Bivariate descriptive analysis and multiple regression analyses have been carried out to understand the association between spousal violence and its consequences on women's health. Results The study finds that the physical, sexual and emotional violence experienced by ever-married women in India are 29.8%, 13.8% and 7.0%, respectively. Further, the physical and sexual violence experienced by women have a significant association with an unwanted pregnancy, abortion, miscarriages and ever had termination of pregnancies. The regression analysis shows that violence by sexual partners among battered women increased the likelihood of unwanted pregnancy. Similarly, abortion and ever had a termination of pregnancies are also adversely affected by partner violence. Further, the risk of sexually transmitted infection increases 77% by sexual violence and 44% by emotional violence among battered women. Also, Sexual violence substantially increases the risk of prolonged labour during pregnancy. Conclusion This study revealed that one in three women experiencing violence by their husband and also it is evident that various forms of spousal violence adversely affect pregnancies outcomes and reproductive health among battered women compared to not battered.
format	article
author	Mahadev Bramhankar R. S. Reshmi
author_facet	Mahadev Bramhankar R. S. Reshmi
author_sort	Mahadev Bramhankar
title	Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
title_short	Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
title_full	Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
title_fullStr	Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
title_full_unstemmed	Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India
title_sort	spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in india
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6675df79a8694228bfee715740a9503c
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Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India

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