The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats

(1) Background: Prolonged feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) acts as a stressor by activating the functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) stress axis, accompanied of hypertension by inducing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Angiotensinases enzymes are regulatory aminopep...

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Autores principales:	Germán Domínguez-Vías, Ana Belén Segarra, Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez, Isabel Prieto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	aminopeptidase angiotensinase dipeptidyl peptidase IV high-fat diet hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis renin-angiotensin system Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/667d1d115b704a1e8ce4bccc8cfb1309
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:667d1d115b704a1e8ce4bccc8cfb13092021-11-25T18:35:28ZThe Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats10.3390/nu131139392072-6643https://doaj.org/article/667d1d115b704a1e8ce4bccc8cfb13092021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3939https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643(1) Background: Prolonged feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) acts as a stressor by activating the functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) stress axis, accompanied of hypertension by inducing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Angiotensinases enzymes are regulatory aminopeptidases of angiotensin metabolism, which together with the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), pyroglutamyl- and tyrosyl-aminopeptidase (pGluAP, TyrAP), participate in cognitive, stress, metabolic and cardiovascular functions. These functions appear to be modulated by the type of fat used in the diet. (2) Methods: To analyze a possible coordinated response of aminopeptidases, their activities were simultaneously determined in the hypothalamus, adenohypophysis and adrenal gland of adult male rats fed diets enriched with monounsaturated (standard diet (S diet) supplemented with 20% virgin olive oil; VOO diet) or saturated fatty acids (diet S supplemented with 20% butter and 0.1% cholesterol; Bch diet). Aminopeptidase activities were measured by fluorimetry using 2-Naphthylamine as substrates. (3) Results: the hypothalamus did not show differences in any of the experimental diets. In the pituitary, the Bch diet stimulated the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by increasing certain angiotensinase activities (alanyl-, arginyl- and cystinyl-aminopeptidase) with respect to the S and VOO diets. DPP-IV activity was increased with the Bch diet, and TyrAP activity decrease with the VOO diet, having both a crucial role on stress and eating behavior. In the adrenal gland, both HFDs showed an increase in angiotensinase aspartyl-aminopeptidase. The interrelation of angiotensinases activities in the tissues were depending on the type of diet. In addition, correlations were shown between angiotensinases and aminopeptidases that regulate stress and eating behavior. (4) Conclusions: Taken together, these results support that the source of fat in the diet affects several peptidases activities in the HPA axis, which could be related to alterations in RAS, stress and feeding behavior.Germán Domínguez-VíasAna Belén SegarraManuel Ramírez-SánchezIsabel PrietoMDPI AGarticleaminopeptidaseangiotensinasedipeptidyl peptidase IVhigh-fat diethypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axisrenin-angiotensin systemNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3939, p 3939 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aminopeptidase angiotensinase dipeptidyl peptidase IV high-fat diet hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis renin-angiotensin system Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	aminopeptidase angiotensinase dipeptidyl peptidase IV high-fat diet hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis renin-angiotensin system Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Germán Domínguez-Vías Ana Belén Segarra Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez Isabel Prieto The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
description	(1) Background: Prolonged feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) acts as a stressor by activating the functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) stress axis, accompanied of hypertension by inducing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Angiotensinases enzymes are regulatory aminopeptidases of angiotensin metabolism, which together with the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), pyroglutamyl- and tyrosyl-aminopeptidase (pGluAP, TyrAP), participate in cognitive, stress, metabolic and cardiovascular functions. These functions appear to be modulated by the type of fat used in the diet. (2) Methods: To analyze a possible coordinated response of aminopeptidases, their activities were simultaneously determined in the hypothalamus, adenohypophysis and adrenal gland of adult male rats fed diets enriched with monounsaturated (standard diet (S diet) supplemented with 20% virgin olive oil; VOO diet) or saturated fatty acids (diet S supplemented with 20% butter and 0.1% cholesterol; Bch diet). Aminopeptidase activities were measured by fluorimetry using 2-Naphthylamine as substrates. (3) Results: the hypothalamus did not show differences in any of the experimental diets. In the pituitary, the Bch diet stimulated the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by increasing certain angiotensinase activities (alanyl-, arginyl- and cystinyl-aminopeptidase) with respect to the S and VOO diets. DPP-IV activity was increased with the Bch diet, and TyrAP activity decrease with the VOO diet, having both a crucial role on stress and eating behavior. In the adrenal gland, both HFDs showed an increase in angiotensinase aspartyl-aminopeptidase. The interrelation of angiotensinases activities in the tissues were depending on the type of diet. In addition, correlations were shown between angiotensinases and aminopeptidases that regulate stress and eating behavior. (4) Conclusions: Taken together, these results support that the source of fat in the diet affects several peptidases activities in the HPA axis, which could be related to alterations in RAS, stress and feeding behavior.
format	article
author	Germán Domínguez-Vías Ana Belén Segarra Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez Isabel Prieto
author_facet	Germán Domínguez-Vías Ana Belén Segarra Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez Isabel Prieto
author_sort	Germán Domínguez-Vías
title	The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
title_short	The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
title_full	The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
title_fullStr	The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
title_full_unstemmed	The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats
title_sort	type of fat in the diet influences regulatory aminopeptidases of the renin-angiotensin system and stress in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult wistar rats
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/667d1d115b704a1e8ce4bccc8cfb1309
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The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences Regulatory Aminopeptidases of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Stress in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Adult Wistar Rats

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