Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.

Nitrogen is one of the key nutrients for microbial growth. During infection, pathogenic fungi like C. albicans need to acquire nitrogen from a broad range of different and changing sources inside the host. Detecting the available nitrogen sources and adjusting the expression of genes for their uptak...

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Autores principales:	Shruthi Ramachandra, Jörg Linde, Matthias Brock, Reinhard Guthke, Bernhard Hube, Sascha Brunke
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/66943c3f2817457ab8e7c4837583db1c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:66943c3f2817457ab8e7c4837583db1c2021-11-18T08:27:11ZRegulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0092734https://doaj.org/article/66943c3f2817457ab8e7c4837583db1c2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24651113/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Nitrogen is one of the key nutrients for microbial growth. During infection, pathogenic fungi like C. albicans need to acquire nitrogen from a broad range of different and changing sources inside the host. Detecting the available nitrogen sources and adjusting the expression of genes for their uptake and degradation is therefore crucial for survival and growth as well as for establishing an infection. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional response of C. albicans to nitrogen starvation and feeding with the infection-relevant nitrogen sources arginine and bovine serum albumin (BSA), representing amino acids and proteins, respectively. The response to nitrogen starvation was marked by an immediate repression of protein synthesis and an up-regulation of general amino acid permeases, as well as an up-regulation of autophagal processes in its later stages. Feeding with arginine led to a fast reduction in expression of general permeases for amino acids and to resumption of protein synthesis. The response to BSA feeding was generally slower, and was additionally characterized by an up-regulation of oligopeptide transporter genes. From time-series data, we inferred network interaction models for genes relevant in nitrogen detection and uptake. Each individual network was found to be largely specific for the experimental condition (starvation or feeding with arginine or BSA). In addition, we detected several novel connections between regulator and effector genes, with putative roles in nitrogen uptake. We conclude that C. albicans adopts a particular nitrogen response network, defined by sets of specific gene-gene connections for each environmental condition. All together, they form a grid of possible gene regulatory networks, increasing the transcriptional flexibility of C. albicans.Shruthi RamachandraJörg LindeMatthias BrockReinhard GuthkeBernhard HubeSascha BrunkePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e92734 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shruthi Ramachandra Jörg Linde Matthias Brock Reinhard Guthke Bernhard Hube Sascha Brunke Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
description	Nitrogen is one of the key nutrients for microbial growth. During infection, pathogenic fungi like C. albicans need to acquire nitrogen from a broad range of different and changing sources inside the host. Detecting the available nitrogen sources and adjusting the expression of genes for their uptake and degradation is therefore crucial for survival and growth as well as for establishing an infection. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional response of C. albicans to nitrogen starvation and feeding with the infection-relevant nitrogen sources arginine and bovine serum albumin (BSA), representing amino acids and proteins, respectively. The response to nitrogen starvation was marked by an immediate repression of protein synthesis and an up-regulation of general amino acid permeases, as well as an up-regulation of autophagal processes in its later stages. Feeding with arginine led to a fast reduction in expression of general permeases for amino acids and to resumption of protein synthesis. The response to BSA feeding was generally slower, and was additionally characterized by an up-regulation of oligopeptide transporter genes. From time-series data, we inferred network interaction models for genes relevant in nitrogen detection and uptake. Each individual network was found to be largely specific for the experimental condition (starvation or feeding with arginine or BSA). In addition, we detected several novel connections between regulator and effector genes, with putative roles in nitrogen uptake. We conclude that C. albicans adopts a particular nitrogen response network, defined by sets of specific gene-gene connections for each environmental condition. All together, they form a grid of possible gene regulatory networks, increasing the transcriptional flexibility of C. albicans.
format	article
author	Shruthi Ramachandra Jörg Linde Matthias Brock Reinhard Guthke Bernhard Hube Sascha Brunke
author_facet	Shruthi Ramachandra Jörg Linde Matthias Brock Reinhard Guthke Bernhard Hube Sascha Brunke
author_sort	Shruthi Ramachandra
title	Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
title_short	Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
title_full	Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
title_fullStr	Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
title_full_unstemmed	Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.
title_sort	regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in candida albicans.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/66943c3f2817457ab8e7c4837583db1c
work_keys_str_mv	AT shruthiramachandra regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans AT jorglinde regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans AT matthiasbrock regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans AT reinhardguthke regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans AT bernhardhube regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans AT saschabrunke regulatorynetworkscontrollingnitrogensensinganduptakeincandidaalbicans
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Regulatory networks controlling nitrogen sensing and uptake in Candida albicans.

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