Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts

Abstract Scientific investigations on levels of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCP) residues in plants largely consider the edible parts (crops, vegetables, and fruit plants). Though the non-edible parts of plants are not eaten by human beings directly, these parts are consumed by livestock and other ani...

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Autores principales:	Rachna Chandra, N. Sharpanabharathi, B. Anjan Kumar Prusty, P. A. Azeez, Rama Mohan Kurakalva
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/66dc545b693444d5bdf19c654d04d93e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:66dc545b693444d5bdf19c654d04d93e2021-12-02T19:12:28ZOrganochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts10.1038/s41598-021-97286-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/66dc545b693444d5bdf19c654d04d93e2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97286-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Scientific investigations on levels of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCP) residues in plants largely consider the edible parts (crops, vegetables, and fruit plants). Though the non-edible parts of plants are not eaten by human beings directly, these parts are consumed by livestock and other animals, thereby facilitating the flow of chemical residues through the food chain. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the concentration of OCP residues in non-edible plant parts to provide insights on their potential ecotoxicological impacts. Eighteen OCP residues were extracted in nine different plant species (banana Musa acuminate, brinjal Solanum melongena, Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, lotus Nelumbo nucifera, paddy Oryza sativa, sugarcane Saccharum officinarum, tapioca Manihot esculenta, tomato Lycopersicon esculentum) following QuEChERS method. The concentrations of OCP residues in plant extracts were determined using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The OCP residues, namely: γ-HCH (lindane), heptachlor epoxide isomer, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde and endrin ketone were found predominantly in seven plant species. Residues of γ-HCH (lindane) were reported in different parts of plant species such as stem (581.14 ng/g in paddy and 585.82 ng/g in tapioca) and leaf (583.3 ng/g in tomato). Seven samples contained residues of heptachlor epoxide isomer (512.53 to 1173.8 ng/g). Dieldrin was found in paddy stem (489.97 ng/g), tapioca stem (490.21 ng/g) and tapioca leaf (490.32 ng/g). The detected OCPs in the present study were 10–50 times higher than the Maximum Residue Limits (MRL, 0.01–0.1 mg/Kg) as prescribed in the Codex Alimentarius of the FAO/WHO. Their elevated concentrations in the plant parts therefore pose risk of contamination to the consumers in the food chain, including human beings those are dependent on the animals as source of protein. The findings of this study are the first report on residue levels of OCPs in non-edible plant parts in the agricultural landscape of Puducherry region, India. Since, this study assumes significance for the strategic location of Oussudu Lake, an interstate lake spread over Puducherry and Tamil Nadu states, regular monitoring of OCP residues in different environmental segments in strategic locations in both the states is suggested, which will help the authorities in devising a comprehensive environmental management plan aiming at the ecosystem at large.Rachna ChandraN. SharpanabharathiB. Anjan Kumar PrustyP. A. AzeezRama Mohan KurakalvaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rachna Chandra N. Sharpanabharathi B. Anjan Kumar Prusty P. A. Azeez Rama Mohan Kurakalva Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
description	Abstract Scientific investigations on levels of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCP) residues in plants largely consider the edible parts (crops, vegetables, and fruit plants). Though the non-edible parts of plants are not eaten by human beings directly, these parts are consumed by livestock and other animals, thereby facilitating the flow of chemical residues through the food chain. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the concentration of OCP residues in non-edible plant parts to provide insights on their potential ecotoxicological impacts. Eighteen OCP residues were extracted in nine different plant species (banana Musa acuminate, brinjal Solanum melongena, Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, lotus Nelumbo nucifera, paddy Oryza sativa, sugarcane Saccharum officinarum, tapioca Manihot esculenta, tomato Lycopersicon esculentum) following QuEChERS method. The concentrations of OCP residues in plant extracts were determined using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The OCP residues, namely: γ-HCH (lindane), heptachlor epoxide isomer, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde and endrin ketone were found predominantly in seven plant species. Residues of γ-HCH (lindane) were reported in different parts of plant species such as stem (581.14 ng/g in paddy and 585.82 ng/g in tapioca) and leaf (583.3 ng/g in tomato). Seven samples contained residues of heptachlor epoxide isomer (512.53 to 1173.8 ng/g). Dieldrin was found in paddy stem (489.97 ng/g), tapioca stem (490.21 ng/g) and tapioca leaf (490.32 ng/g). The detected OCPs in the present study were 10–50 times higher than the Maximum Residue Limits (MRL, 0.01–0.1 mg/Kg) as prescribed in the Codex Alimentarius of the FAO/WHO. Their elevated concentrations in the plant parts therefore pose risk of contamination to the consumers in the food chain, including human beings those are dependent on the animals as source of protein. The findings of this study are the first report on residue levels of OCPs in non-edible plant parts in the agricultural landscape of Puducherry region, India. Since, this study assumes significance for the strategic location of Oussudu Lake, an interstate lake spread over Puducherry and Tamil Nadu states, regular monitoring of OCP residues in different environmental segments in strategic locations in both the states is suggested, which will help the authorities in devising a comprehensive environmental management plan aiming at the ecosystem at large.
format	article
author	Rachna Chandra N. Sharpanabharathi B. Anjan Kumar Prusty P. A. Azeez Rama Mohan Kurakalva
author_facet	Rachna Chandra N. Sharpanabharathi B. Anjan Kumar Prusty P. A. Azeez Rama Mohan Kurakalva
author_sort	Rachna Chandra
title	Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
title_short	Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
title_full	Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
title_fullStr	Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
title_full_unstemmed	Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
title_sort	organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/66dc545b693444d5bdf19c654d04d93e
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Organochlorine pesticide residues in plants and their possible ecotoxicological and agri food impacts

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