Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile
Pathobionts are opportunistic microbes that emerge as a result of perturbations in the healthy microbiome due to complex interactions of various genetic, exposomal, microbial, and host factors that lead to their selection and expansion. Their proliferations can aggravate inflammatory manifestations,...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:66f79d3b41134115ba0691c4a50b20bb2021-11-04T15:00:42ZPathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile1949-09761949-098410.1080/19490976.2021.1979882https://doaj.org/article/66f79d3b41134115ba0691c4a50b20bb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1979882https://doaj.org/toc/1949-0976https://doaj.org/toc/1949-0984Pathobionts are opportunistic microbes that emerge as a result of perturbations in the healthy microbiome due to complex interactions of various genetic, exposomal, microbial, and host factors that lead to their selection and expansion. Their proliferations can aggravate inflammatory manifestations, trigger autoimmune diseases, and lead to severe life-threatening conditions. Current surge in microbiome research is unwinding these complex interplays between disease development and protection against pathobionts. This review summarizes the current knowledge of pathobiont emergence with a focus on Clostridioides difficile and the recent findings on the roles of immune cells such as iTreg cells, Th17 cells, innate lymphoid cells, and cytokines in protection against pathobionts. The review calls for adoption of innovative tools and cutting-edge technologies in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics to provide insights in identification and quantification of pathobionts.Harish ChandraKrishna Kant SharmaOlli H. TuovinenXingmin SunPratyoosh ShuklaTaylor & Francis Grouparticledysbiosistoxinsinflammasomepseudomembranous colitisinflammatory bowel diseaseinnate lymphoid cellsDiseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENGut Microbes, Vol 13, Iss 1 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
dysbiosis toxins inflammasome pseudomembranous colitis inflammatory bowel disease innate lymphoid cells Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 |
| spellingShingle |
dysbiosis toxins inflammasome pseudomembranous colitis inflammatory bowel disease innate lymphoid cells Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Harish Chandra Krishna Kant Sharma Olli H. Tuovinen Xingmin Sun Pratyoosh Shukla Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| description |
Pathobionts are opportunistic microbes that emerge as a result of perturbations in the healthy microbiome due to complex interactions of various genetic, exposomal, microbial, and host factors that lead to their selection and expansion. Their proliferations can aggravate inflammatory manifestations, trigger autoimmune diseases, and lead to severe life-threatening conditions. Current surge in microbiome research is unwinding these complex interplays between disease development and protection against pathobionts. This review summarizes the current knowledge of pathobiont emergence with a focus on Clostridioides difficile and the recent findings on the roles of immune cells such as iTreg cells, Th17 cells, innate lymphoid cells, and cytokines in protection against pathobionts. The review calls for adoption of innovative tools and cutting-edge technologies in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics to provide insights in identification and quantification of pathobionts. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Harish Chandra Krishna Kant Sharma Olli H. Tuovinen Xingmin Sun Pratyoosh Shukla |
| author_facet |
Harish Chandra Krishna Kant Sharma Olli H. Tuovinen Xingmin Sun Pratyoosh Shukla |
| author_sort |
Harish Chandra |
| title |
Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| title_short |
Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| title_full |
Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| title_fullStr |
Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on Clostridioides difficile |
| title_sort |
pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on clostridioides difficile |
| publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/66f79d3b41134115ba0691c4a50b20bb |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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