Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.

Understanding how prey capture rates are influenced by feeding ecology and environmental conditions is fundamental to assessing anthropogenic impacts on marine higher predators. We compared how prey capture rates varied in relation to prey size, prey patch distribution and prey density for two speci...

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Autores principales:	Chris B Thaxter, Francis Daunt, David Grémillet, Mike P Harris, Silvano Benvenuti, Yutaka Watanuki, Keith C Hamer, Sarah Wanless
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/66fdb07d447b40f89c5c5f288f49c5d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:66fdb07d447b40f89c5c5f288f49c5d82021-11-18T08:46:13ZModelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0079915https://doaj.org/article/66fdb07d447b40f89c5c5f288f49c5d82013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24260318/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Understanding how prey capture rates are influenced by feeding ecology and environmental conditions is fundamental to assessing anthropogenic impacts on marine higher predators. We compared how prey capture rates varied in relation to prey size, prey patch distribution and prey density for two species of alcid, common guillemot (Uria aalge) and razorbill (Alca torda) during the chick-rearing period. We developed a Monte Carlo approach parameterised with foraging behaviour from bird-borne data loggers, observations of prey fed to chicks, and adult diet from water-offloading, to construct a bio-energetics model. Our primary goal was to estimate prey capture rates, and a secondary aim was to test responses to a set of biologically plausible environmental scenarios. Estimated prey capture rates were 1.5 ± 0.8 items per dive (0.8 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.6 items per minute foraging and underwater, respectively) for guillemots and 3.7 ± 2.4 items per dive (4.9 ± 3.1 and 7.3 ± 4.0 items per minute foraging and underwater, respectively) for razorbills. Based on species' ecology, diet and flight costs, we predicted that razorbills would be more sensitive to decreases in 0-group sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) length (prediction 1), but guillemots would be more sensitive to prey patches that were more widely spaced (prediction 2), and lower in prey density (prediction 3). Estimated prey capture rates increased non-linearly as 0-group sandeel length declined, with the slope being steeper in razorbills, supporting prediction 1. When prey patches were more dispersed, estimated daily energy expenditure increased by a factor of 3.0 for guillemots and 2.3 for razorbills, suggesting guillemots were more sensitive to patchier prey, supporting prediction 2. However, both species responded similarly to reduced prey density (guillemot expenditure increased by 1.7; razorbill by 1.6), thus not supporting prediction 3. This bio-energetics approach complements other foraging models in predicting likely impacts of environmental change on marine higher predators dependent on species-specific foraging ecologies.Chris B ThaxterFrancis DauntDavid GrémilletMike P HarrisSilvano BenvenutiYutaka WatanukiKeith C HamerSarah WanlessPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 11, p e79915 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Chris B Thaxter Francis Daunt David Grémillet Mike P Harris Silvano Benvenuti Yutaka Watanuki Keith C Hamer Sarah Wanless Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
description	Understanding how prey capture rates are influenced by feeding ecology and environmental conditions is fundamental to assessing anthropogenic impacts on marine higher predators. We compared how prey capture rates varied in relation to prey size, prey patch distribution and prey density for two species of alcid, common guillemot (Uria aalge) and razorbill (Alca torda) during the chick-rearing period. We developed a Monte Carlo approach parameterised with foraging behaviour from bird-borne data loggers, observations of prey fed to chicks, and adult diet from water-offloading, to construct a bio-energetics model. Our primary goal was to estimate prey capture rates, and a secondary aim was to test responses to a set of biologically plausible environmental scenarios. Estimated prey capture rates were 1.5 ± 0.8 items per dive (0.8 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.6 items per minute foraging and underwater, respectively) for guillemots and 3.7 ± 2.4 items per dive (4.9 ± 3.1 and 7.3 ± 4.0 items per minute foraging and underwater, respectively) for razorbills. Based on species' ecology, diet and flight costs, we predicted that razorbills would be more sensitive to decreases in 0-group sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) length (prediction 1), but guillemots would be more sensitive to prey patches that were more widely spaced (prediction 2), and lower in prey density (prediction 3). Estimated prey capture rates increased non-linearly as 0-group sandeel length declined, with the slope being steeper in razorbills, supporting prediction 1. When prey patches were more dispersed, estimated daily energy expenditure increased by a factor of 3.0 for guillemots and 2.3 for razorbills, suggesting guillemots were more sensitive to patchier prey, supporting prediction 2. However, both species responded similarly to reduced prey density (guillemot expenditure increased by 1.7; razorbill by 1.6), thus not supporting prediction 3. This bio-energetics approach complements other foraging models in predicting likely impacts of environmental change on marine higher predators dependent on species-specific foraging ecologies.
format	article
author	Chris B Thaxter Francis Daunt David Grémillet Mike P Harris Silvano Benvenuti Yutaka Watanuki Keith C Hamer Sarah Wanless
author_facet	Chris B Thaxter Francis Daunt David Grémillet Mike P Harris Silvano Benvenuti Yutaka Watanuki Keith C Hamer Sarah Wanless
author_sort	Chris B Thaxter
title	Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
title_short	Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
title_full	Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
title_fullStr	Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
title_full_unstemmed	Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
title_sort	modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/66fdb07d447b40f89c5c5f288f49c5d8
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Modelling the effects of prey size and distribution on prey capture rates of two sympatric marine predators.

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