Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence

Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m1, John Hughes21Smokers Information Centre, Fagerstr&ouml;m Consulting AB, Berga Alle 1, 25452 Helsingborg, Sweden; 2University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USAAbstract: Varenicline, a partial agonist of &alpha;4&beta;2 nicotinic acetylcholine...

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Autores principales:	Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m, John Hughes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2008
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/67507169e94a4f73a9289c9ce39e4f48
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:67507169e94a4f73a9289c9ce39e4f482021-12-02T07:27:36ZVarenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/67507169e94a4f73a9289c9ce39e4f482008-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/varenicline-in-the-treatment-of-tobacco-dependence-a1020https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m1, John Hughes21Smokers Information Centre, Fagerstr&ouml;m Consulting AB, Berga Alle 1, 25452 Helsingborg, Sweden; 2University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USAAbstract: Varenicline, a partial agonist of &alpha;4&beta;2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, is the most recently approved drug for smoking cessation. This paper reviews the outcomes of Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials that assess the efficacy of varenicline in comparison to placebo and other smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, ie, sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) and nicotine transdermal patch. Varenicline has higher abstinence rates than placebo and the alternative active treatments at the end of standard regimen treatment periods. Significantly higher abstinence rates were also found with varenicline in comparison to both placebo and bupropion SR at the end of a 40-week non-treatment follow-up period. Varenicline typically tripled the abstinence rates compared with placebo. In addition, varenicline reduced craving and withdrawal symptoms as well as some of the positive experiences associated with smoking to a greater extent than placebo, bupropion SR, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). These findings are consistent with the proposed agonist/antagonist effects of varenicline. Preliminary studies assessing individual variables such as smoking dependency level and smoking reinforcement types provide justification to examine further the effects of varenicline according to these individual factors. Outcomes from such research could improve our understanding of varenicline&rsquo;s mechanism of action and could ultimately help clinicians to develop individualized smoking cessation programs. Also, given varenicline&rsquo;s ability to reduce the reward from smoking, it might be helpful to use it before cessation to motivate or prepare smokers for a quit attempt.Keywords: varenicline, smoking cessation, nicotinic partial agonist Karl Fagerstr&ouml;mJohn HughesDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2008, Iss Issue 2, Pp 353-363 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m John Hughes Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
description	Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m1, John Hughes21Smokers Information Centre, Fagerstr&ouml;m Consulting AB, Berga Alle 1, 25452 Helsingborg, Sweden; 2University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USAAbstract: Varenicline, a partial agonist of &alpha;4&beta;2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, is the most recently approved drug for smoking cessation. This paper reviews the outcomes of Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials that assess the efficacy of varenicline in comparison to placebo and other smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, ie, sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) and nicotine transdermal patch. Varenicline has higher abstinence rates than placebo and the alternative active treatments at the end of standard regimen treatment periods. Significantly higher abstinence rates were also found with varenicline in comparison to both placebo and bupropion SR at the end of a 40-week non-treatment follow-up period. Varenicline typically tripled the abstinence rates compared with placebo. In addition, varenicline reduced craving and withdrawal symptoms as well as some of the positive experiences associated with smoking to a greater extent than placebo, bupropion SR, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). These findings are consistent with the proposed agonist/antagonist effects of varenicline. Preliminary studies assessing individual variables such as smoking dependency level and smoking reinforcement types provide justification to examine further the effects of varenicline according to these individual factors. Outcomes from such research could improve our understanding of varenicline&rsquo;s mechanism of action and could ultimately help clinicians to develop individualized smoking cessation programs. Also, given varenicline&rsquo;s ability to reduce the reward from smoking, it might be helpful to use it before cessation to motivate or prepare smokers for a quit attempt.Keywords: varenicline, smoking cessation, nicotinic partial agonist
format	article
author	Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m John Hughes
author_facet	Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m John Hughes
author_sort	Karl Fagerstr&ouml;m
title	Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
title_short	Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
title_full	Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
title_fullStr	Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
title_full_unstemmed	Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
title_sort	varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/67507169e94a4f73a9289c9ce39e4f48
work_keys_str_mv	AT karlfagerstrampoumlm vareniclineinthetreatmentoftobaccodependence AT johnhughes vareniclineinthetreatmentoftobaccodependence
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Varenicline in the treatment of tobacco dependence

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