The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals

Abstract Transcription factor 4 (TCF4) is a class I basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which regulates the neurogenesis and specialization of cells. TCF4 also plays an important role in the development and functioning of the immune system. Additionally, TCF4 regulates the development...

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Autores principales:	Beata Greb-Markiewicz, Wioletta Kazana, Mirosław Zarębski, Andrzej Ożyhar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/67596caa8dc1478eaffa387b14df9a82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:67596caa8dc1478eaffa387b14df9a822021-12-02T15:09:00ZThe subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals10.1038/s41598-019-52239-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/67596caa8dc1478eaffa387b14df9a822019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52239-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Transcription factor 4 (TCF4) is a class I basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which regulates the neurogenesis and specialization of cells. TCF4 also plays an important role in the development and functioning of the immune system. Additionally, TCF4 regulates the development of Sertoli cells and pontine nucleus neurons, myogenesis, melanogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The ability of transcription factors to fulfil their function often depends on their intracellular trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. The trafficking is regulated by specific sequences, i.e. the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and the nuclear export signal (NES). We performed research on the TCF4 trafficking regulating sequences by mapping and detailed characterization of motifs potentially acting as the NLS or NES. We demonstrate that the bHLH domain of TCF4 contains an NLS that overlaps two NESs. The results of in silico analyses show high conservation of the sequences, especially in the area of the NLS and NESs. This high conservation is not only between mouse and human TCF4, but also between TCF4 and other mammalian E proteins, indicating the importance of these sequences for the functioning of bHLH class I transcription factors.Beata Greb-MarkiewiczWioletta KazanaMirosław ZarębskiAndrzej OżyharNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Beata Greb-Markiewicz Wioletta Kazana Mirosław Zarębski Andrzej Ożyhar The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
description	Abstract Transcription factor 4 (TCF4) is a class I basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which regulates the neurogenesis and specialization of cells. TCF4 also plays an important role in the development and functioning of the immune system. Additionally, TCF4 regulates the development of Sertoli cells and pontine nucleus neurons, myogenesis, melanogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The ability of transcription factors to fulfil their function often depends on their intracellular trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. The trafficking is regulated by specific sequences, i.e. the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and the nuclear export signal (NES). We performed research on the TCF4 trafficking regulating sequences by mapping and detailed characterization of motifs potentially acting as the NLS or NES. We demonstrate that the bHLH domain of TCF4 contains an NLS that overlaps two NESs. The results of in silico analyses show high conservation of the sequences, especially in the area of the NLS and NESs. This high conservation is not only between mouse and human TCF4, but also between TCF4 and other mammalian E proteins, indicating the importance of these sequences for the functioning of bHLH class I transcription factors.
format	article
author	Beata Greb-Markiewicz Wioletta Kazana Mirosław Zarębski Andrzej Ożyhar
author_facet	Beata Greb-Markiewicz Wioletta Kazana Mirosław Zarębski Andrzej Ożyhar
author_sort	Beata Greb-Markiewicz
title	The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
title_short	The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
title_full	The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
title_fullStr	The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
title_full_unstemmed	The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
title_sort	subcellular localization of bhlh transcription factor tcf4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/67596caa8dc1478eaffa387b14df9a82
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The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals

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