Interactive Effects of Epichloë Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of Achnatherum inebrians

Background: the cool-season grass Achnatherum inebrians (drunken horse grass) is an important species in the northwest grasslands of China. This grass engages in a symbiotic relationship with Epichloë endophytes, which affect host plants by increasing growth, re...

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Autores principales:	Yaqi Chen, Kaiqi Su, Chunjie Li, James F. White
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	internal hormone soluble sugar gibberellin ABA local adaptation Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/67873609752b4b299db603e4a3b067d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:67873609752b4b299db603e4a3b067d82021-11-25T18:24:03ZInteractive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>10.3390/microorganisms91121832076-2607https://doaj.org/article/67873609752b4b299db603e4a3b067d82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2183https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Background: the cool-season grass <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> (drunken horse grass) is an important species in the northwest grasslands of China. This grass engages in a symbiotic relationship with <i>Epichloë</i> endophytes, which affect host plants by increasing growth, repelling herbivores, and increasing tolerance to stressful environments. Methods: in this work, we evaluated the interaction effects of the endophyte on various dormancy-breaking treatments on A. <i>inebrians</i> seeds from six different locations. We used both endophyte-infected plants and noninfected plants and applied four dormancy-breaking methods to test germination. Results: our results showed that the germination rate of endophytic <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> seeds from the Xiahe site (with highest altitude) was significantly higher than that from other sites when water soaking was applied (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Endophytic seeds had a greater germination rate, and soluble sugar, indole acetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin (GA) contents, under any condition. There was a significant interaction among the method, endophyte status, and origin regarding germination (<i>p</i> < 0.001); particularly, the effects of warm water soaking and endophyte infection on the germination of seeds from the Xiahe site was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: the infection of <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte is able to increase the content of soluble sugar, IAA, and GA, and stimulate the seed germination of A. <i>inebrians</i>.Yaqi ChenKaiqi SuChunjie LiJames F. WhiteMDPI AGarticleinternal hormonesoluble sugargibberellinABAlocal adaptationBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2183, p 2183 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	internal hormone soluble sugar gibberellin ABA local adaptation Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	internal hormone soluble sugar gibberellin ABA local adaptation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Yaqi Chen Kaiqi Su Chunjie Li James F. White Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
description	Background: the cool-season grass <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> (drunken horse grass) is an important species in the northwest grasslands of China. This grass engages in a symbiotic relationship with <i>Epichloë</i> endophytes, which affect host plants by increasing growth, repelling herbivores, and increasing tolerance to stressful environments. Methods: in this work, we evaluated the interaction effects of the endophyte on various dormancy-breaking treatments on A. <i>inebrians</i> seeds from six different locations. We used both endophyte-infected plants and noninfected plants and applied four dormancy-breaking methods to test germination. Results: our results showed that the germination rate of endophytic <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> seeds from the Xiahe site (with highest altitude) was significantly higher than that from other sites when water soaking was applied (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Endophytic seeds had a greater germination rate, and soluble sugar, indole acetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin (GA) contents, under any condition. There was a significant interaction among the method, endophyte status, and origin regarding germination (<i>p</i> < 0.001); particularly, the effects of warm water soaking and endophyte infection on the germination of seeds from the Xiahe site was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: the infection of <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte is able to increase the content of soluble sugar, IAA, and GA, and stimulate the seed germination of A. <i>inebrians</i>.
format	article
author	Yaqi Chen Kaiqi Su Chunjie Li James F. White
author_facet	Yaqi Chen Kaiqi Su Chunjie Li James F. White
author_sort	Yaqi Chen
title	Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
title_short	Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
title_full	Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
title_fullStr	Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>
title_sort	interactive effects of <i>epichloë</i> endophyte, dormancy-breaking treatments and geographic origin on seed germination of <i>achnatherum inebrians</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/67873609752b4b299db603e4a3b067d8
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Interactive Effects of <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte, Dormancy-Breaking Treatments and Geographic Origin on Seed Germination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>

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