Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014

Abstract The main purpose of the study was to analyze secular trends of health-related physical fitness in 7–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 and 2014. In this observational cross-sectional study, we recruited 5077 children and adolescents between ages 11 and 14 (50.8% girls)...

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Autores principales:	Mario Kasović, Lovro Štefan, Vilko Petrić
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6796586440d9427c9c7b87e2bbfc0029
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6796586440d9427c9c7b87e2bbfc00292021-12-02T14:49:24ZSecular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 201410.1038/s41598-021-90745-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6796586440d9427c9c7b87e2bbfc00292021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90745-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The main purpose of the study was to analyze secular trends of health-related physical fitness in 7–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 and 2014. In this observational cross-sectional study, we recruited 5077 children and adolescents between ages 11 and 14 (50.8% girls) from five primary schools located in the capital city of Zagreb. Physical fitness performance was tested from 1999 until 2014. Physical fitness performance included: (1) body-mass index (measure of body size), (2) standing broad jump (measure of lower-body power), (3) polygon backwards (measure of general coordination and agility), (4) sit-ups in 60 s (measure of upper-body strength), (5) sit-and-reach test (measure of flexibility) and (6) 6-min run test (measure of cardiorespiratory fitness). Boys performed better in all physical fitness tests, except for sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, between 1999 and 2014, body size, upper-body strength and coordination/agility increased, while flexibility, lower-body power and cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. During the same period, girls experienced an increase in body size, lower-body power, upper-body strength, coordination/agility and flexibility, while cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. This study shows that cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility and coordination/agility decrease, while upper-body strength increases in both sexes. These findings should serve as an avenue for national monitoring system to screen and track biological development in children and adolescents.Mario KasovićLovro ŠtefanVilko PetrićNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mario Kasović Lovro Štefan Vilko Petrić Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
description	Abstract The main purpose of the study was to analyze secular trends of health-related physical fitness in 7–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 and 2014. In this observational cross-sectional study, we recruited 5077 children and adolescents between ages 11 and 14 (50.8% girls) from five primary schools located in the capital city of Zagreb. Physical fitness performance was tested from 1999 until 2014. Physical fitness performance included: (1) body-mass index (measure of body size), (2) standing broad jump (measure of lower-body power), (3) polygon backwards (measure of general coordination and agility), (4) sit-ups in 60 s (measure of upper-body strength), (5) sit-and-reach test (measure of flexibility) and (6) 6-min run test (measure of cardiorespiratory fitness). Boys performed better in all physical fitness tests, except for sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, between 1999 and 2014, body size, upper-body strength and coordination/agility increased, while flexibility, lower-body power and cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. During the same period, girls experienced an increase in body size, lower-body power, upper-body strength, coordination/agility and flexibility, while cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. This study shows that cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility and coordination/agility decrease, while upper-body strength increases in both sexes. These findings should serve as an avenue for national monitoring system to screen and track biological development in children and adolescents.
format	article
author	Mario Kasović Lovro Štefan Vilko Petrić
author_facet	Mario Kasović Lovro Štefan Vilko Petrić
author_sort	Mario Kasović
title	Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
title_short	Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
title_full	Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
title_fullStr	Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
title_full_unstemmed	Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
title_sort	secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6796586440d9427c9c7b87e2bbfc0029
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariokasovic seculartrendsinhealthrelatedphysicalfitnessamong1114yearoldcroatianchildrenandadolescentsfrom1999to2014 AT lovrostefan seculartrendsinhealthrelatedphysicalfitnessamong1114yearoldcroatianchildrenandadolescentsfrom1999to2014 AT vilkopetric seculartrendsinhealthrelatedphysicalfitnessamong1114yearoldcroatianchildrenandadolescentsfrom1999to2014
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Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014

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