Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area

Abstract Previous behavioural and neuroimaging research suggested distinct cortical systems involved in processing abstract and concrete semantics; however, there is a dearth of causal evidence to support this. To address this, we applied anodal, cathodal, or sham (placebo) tDCS over Wernicke’s area...

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Autores principales:	Diana Kurmakaeva, Evgeny Blagovechtchenski, Daria Gnedykh, Nadezhda Mkrtychian, Svetlana Kostromina, Yury Shtyrov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/679670a08b334e5eb2e7504f7f5f90a0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:679670a08b334e5eb2e7504f7f5f90a02021-12-02T14:01:34ZAcquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area10.1038/s41598-020-79967-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/679670a08b334e5eb2e7504f7f5f90a02021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79967-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Previous behavioural and neuroimaging research suggested distinct cortical systems involved in processing abstract and concrete semantics; however, there is a dearth of causal evidence to support this. To address this, we applied anodal, cathodal, or sham (placebo) tDCS over Wernicke’s area before a session of contextual learning of novel concrete and abstract words (n = 10 each), presented five times in short stories. Learning effects were assessed at lexical and semantic levels immediately after the training and, to attest any consolidation effects of overnight sleep, on the next day. We observed successful learning of all items immediately after the session, with decreased performance in Day 2 assessment. Importantly, the results differed between stimulation conditions and tasks. Whereas the accuracy of semantic judgement for abstract words was significantly lower in the sham and anodal groups on Day 2 vs. Day 1, no significant performance drop was observed in the cathodal group. Similarly, the cathodal group showed no significant overnight performance reduction in the free recall task for either of the stimuli, unlike the other two groups. Furthermore, between-group analysis showed an overall better performance of both tDCS groups over the sham group, particularly expressed for abstract semantics and cathodal stimulation. In sum, the results suggest overlapping but diverging brain mechanisms for concrete and abstract semantics and indicate a larger degree of involvement of core language areas in storing abstract knowledge. Furthermore, they demonstrate a possiblity to improve learning outcomes using neuromodulatory techniques.Diana KurmakaevaEvgeny BlagovechtchenskiDaria GnedykhNadezhda MkrtychianSvetlana KostrominaYury ShtyrovNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Diana Kurmakaeva Evgeny Blagovechtchenski Daria Gnedykh Nadezhda Mkrtychian Svetlana Kostromina Yury Shtyrov Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
description	Abstract Previous behavioural and neuroimaging research suggested distinct cortical systems involved in processing abstract and concrete semantics; however, there is a dearth of causal evidence to support this. To address this, we applied anodal, cathodal, or sham (placebo) tDCS over Wernicke’s area before a session of contextual learning of novel concrete and abstract words (n = 10 each), presented five times in short stories. Learning effects were assessed at lexical and semantic levels immediately after the training and, to attest any consolidation effects of overnight sleep, on the next day. We observed successful learning of all items immediately after the session, with decreased performance in Day 2 assessment. Importantly, the results differed between stimulation conditions and tasks. Whereas the accuracy of semantic judgement for abstract words was significantly lower in the sham and anodal groups on Day 2 vs. Day 1, no significant performance drop was observed in the cathodal group. Similarly, the cathodal group showed no significant overnight performance reduction in the free recall task for either of the stimuli, unlike the other two groups. Furthermore, between-group analysis showed an overall better performance of both tDCS groups over the sham group, particularly expressed for abstract semantics and cathodal stimulation. In sum, the results suggest overlapping but diverging brain mechanisms for concrete and abstract semantics and indicate a larger degree of involvement of core language areas in storing abstract knowledge. Furthermore, they demonstrate a possiblity to improve learning outcomes using neuromodulatory techniques.
format	article
author	Diana Kurmakaeva Evgeny Blagovechtchenski Daria Gnedykh Nadezhda Mkrtychian Svetlana Kostromina Yury Shtyrov
author_facet	Diana Kurmakaeva Evgeny Blagovechtchenski Daria Gnedykh Nadezhda Mkrtychian Svetlana Kostromina Yury Shtyrov
author_sort	Diana Kurmakaeva
title	Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
title_short	Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
title_full	Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
title_fullStr	Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
title_full_unstemmed	Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area
title_sort	acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tdcs of wernicke’s area
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/679670a08b334e5eb2e7504f7f5f90a0
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Acquisition of concrete and abstract words is modulated by tDCS of Wernicke’s area

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