Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak resulted in 5,993,317 confirmed cases worldwide with 365,394 confirmed deaths (as of May 29th, 2020, WHO). The molecular mechanism of virus infection and spread in the body is not yet disclosed, but studies on other betacorona...

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Autores principales:	Shahla Shojaei, Madhumita Suresh, Daniel J. Klionsky, Hagar Ibrahim Labouta, Saeid Ghavami
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	apoptosis autophagy flux drug targeting macroautophagy nanomedicine nanoparticles sars-cov-2 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/67aea80a02f34705804b6a526b234244
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:67aea80a02f34705804b6a526b2342442021-11-17T14:21:58ZAutophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2020.1780088https://doaj.org/article/67aea80a02f34705804b6a526b2342442020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1780088https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak resulted in 5,993,317 confirmed cases worldwide with 365,394 confirmed deaths (as of May 29th, 2020, WHO). The molecular mechanism of virus infection and spread in the body is not yet disclosed, but studies on other betacoronaviruses show that, upon cell infection, these viruses inhibit macroautophagy/autophagy flux and cause the accumulation of autophagosomes. No drug has yet been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, preclinical investigations suggested repurposing of several FDA-approved drugs for clinical trials. Half of these drugs are modulators of the autophagy pathway. Unexpectedly, instead of acting by directly antagonizing the effects of viruses, these drugs appear to function by suppressing autophagy flux. Based on the established cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis, we speculate that over-accumulation of autophagosomes activates an apoptotic pathway that results in apoptotic death of the infected cells and disrupts the virus replication cycle. However, administration of the suggested drugs are associated with severe adverse effects due to their off-target accumulation. Nanoparticle targeting of autophagy at the sites of interest could be a powerful tool to efficiently overcome SARS-CoV-2 infection while avoiding the common adverse effects of these drugs.Shahla ShojaeiMadhumita SureshDaniel J. KlionskyHagar Ibrahim LaboutaSaeid GhavamiTaylor & Francis Grouparticleapoptosisautophagy fluxdrug targetingmacroautophagynanomedicinenanoparticlessars-cov-2Infectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 805-810 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	apoptosis autophagy flux drug targeting macroautophagy nanomedicine nanoparticles sars-cov-2 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	apoptosis autophagy flux drug targeting macroautophagy nanomedicine nanoparticles sars-cov-2 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Shahla Shojaei Madhumita Suresh Daniel J. Klionsky Hagar Ibrahim Labouta Saeid Ghavami Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
description	The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak resulted in 5,993,317 confirmed cases worldwide with 365,394 confirmed deaths (as of May 29th, 2020, WHO). The molecular mechanism of virus infection and spread in the body is not yet disclosed, but studies on other betacoronaviruses show that, upon cell infection, these viruses inhibit macroautophagy/autophagy flux and cause the accumulation of autophagosomes. No drug has yet been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, preclinical investigations suggested repurposing of several FDA-approved drugs for clinical trials. Half of these drugs are modulators of the autophagy pathway. Unexpectedly, instead of acting by directly antagonizing the effects of viruses, these drugs appear to function by suppressing autophagy flux. Based on the established cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis, we speculate that over-accumulation of autophagosomes activates an apoptotic pathway that results in apoptotic death of the infected cells and disrupts the virus replication cycle. However, administration of the suggested drugs are associated with severe adverse effects due to their off-target accumulation. Nanoparticle targeting of autophagy at the sites of interest could be a powerful tool to efficiently overcome SARS-CoV-2 infection while avoiding the common adverse effects of these drugs.
format	article
author	Shahla Shojaei Madhumita Suresh Daniel J. Klionsky Hagar Ibrahim Labouta Saeid Ghavami
author_facet	Shahla Shojaei Madhumita Suresh Daniel J. Klionsky Hagar Ibrahim Labouta Saeid Ghavami
author_sort	Shahla Shojaei
title	Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
title_short	Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
title_full	Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
title_fullStr	Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
title_full_unstemmed	Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
title_sort	autophagy and sars-cov-2 infection: a possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/67aea80a02f34705804b6a526b234244
work_keys_str_mv	AT shahlashojaei autophagyandsarscov2infectionapossiblesmarttargetingoftheautophagypathway AT madhumitasuresh autophagyandsarscov2infectionapossiblesmarttargetingoftheautophagypathway AT danieljklionsky autophagyandsarscov2infectionapossiblesmarttargetingoftheautophagypathway AT hagaribrahimlabouta autophagyandsarscov2infectionapossiblesmarttargetingoftheautophagypathway AT saeidghavami autophagyandsarscov2infectionapossiblesmarttargetingoftheautophagypathway
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Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A possible smart targeting of the autophagy pathway

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