A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector

Carbon emission quantifications in China are not consistent, with many standards and methods having been used over the years. This study identified the non-consideration of China-specific technology and databases as a factor limiting comprehensive quantification. The study aimed to comprehensively q...

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Autores principales:	Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile, Geoffrey Qiping Shen, Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni, Jin Xue, Jingke Hong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	direct CO<sub>2</sub> emissions fossil fuel energy consumption regional construction industry econometric analysis Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/67d0a0f3634f4429854e3c28b4018ec3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:67d0a0f3634f4429854e3c28b4018ec3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:67d0a0f3634f4429854e3c28b4018ec32021-11-25T17:49:51ZA Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector10.3390/ijerph1822119651660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/67d0a0f3634f4429854e3c28b4018ec32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11965https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Carbon emission quantifications in China are not consistent, with many standards and methods having been used over the years. This study identified the non-consideration of China-specific technology and databases as a factor limiting comprehensive quantification. The study aimed to comprehensively quantify regional direct CO<sub>2</sub> emission in the industry using a hybrid of economic and environmental data. We retrieved nineteen (19) sets of fossil fuel and electricity data from provincial energy yearbooks between 1997 and 2015 for the study. To generate regression models for each of the six regional construction industries in China, the study further integrated the results with three sets of econometric data: total annual construction output, cement, and steel product yearly consumption data. The study identified the North China region as the main source of direct CO<sub>2</sub> emission with over 30%, while Southeast China contributed the least. While there is a gradual shift to other energy sources, the study identified coal and crude oil to remain as the main energy sources in the industry. Cement and steel data exhibited a significant predictive relationship with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in five regional construction industries. The study identified the need to have policies tailored to technological improvements to enhance renewable energy generation and usage in the industry. The models developed in this study could be used to generate initial quantifications of carbon emissions in construction industries with similar carbon-emitting characteristics for carbon tracking, and energy policies for decision making. However, the three economic indicators used in the study could be extended to generate more robust models in future research.Adedayo Johnson OgungbileGeoffrey Qiping ShenIbrahim Yahaya WuniJin XueJingke HongMDPI AGarticledirect CO<sub>2</sub> emissionsfossil fuelenergy consumptionregional construction industryeconometric analysisMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11965, p 11965 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	direct CO<sub>2</sub> emissions fossil fuel energy consumption regional construction industry econometric analysis Medicine R
spellingShingle	direct CO<sub>2</sub> emissions fossil fuel energy consumption regional construction industry econometric analysis Medicine R Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile Geoffrey Qiping Shen Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni Jin Xue Jingke Hong A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
description	Carbon emission quantifications in China are not consistent, with many standards and methods having been used over the years. This study identified the non-consideration of China-specific technology and databases as a factor limiting comprehensive quantification. The study aimed to comprehensively quantify regional direct CO<sub>2</sub> emission in the industry using a hybrid of economic and environmental data. We retrieved nineteen (19) sets of fossil fuel and electricity data from provincial energy yearbooks between 1997 and 2015 for the study. To generate regression models for each of the six regional construction industries in China, the study further integrated the results with three sets of econometric data: total annual construction output, cement, and steel product yearly consumption data. The study identified the North China region as the main source of direct CO<sub>2</sub> emission with over 30%, while Southeast China contributed the least. While there is a gradual shift to other energy sources, the study identified coal and crude oil to remain as the main energy sources in the industry. Cement and steel data exhibited a significant predictive relationship with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in five regional construction industries. The study identified the need to have policies tailored to technological improvements to enhance renewable energy generation and usage in the industry. The models developed in this study could be used to generate initial quantifications of carbon emissions in construction industries with similar carbon-emitting characteristics for carbon tracking, and energy policies for decision making. However, the three economic indicators used in the study could be extended to generate more robust models in future research.
format	article
author	Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile Geoffrey Qiping Shen Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni Jin Xue Jingke Hong
author_facet	Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile Geoffrey Qiping Shen Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni Jin Xue Jingke Hong
author_sort	Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile
title	A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
title_short	A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
title_full	A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
title_fullStr	A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
title_full_unstemmed	A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector
title_sort	hybrid framework for direct co<sub>2</sub> emissions quantification in china’s construction sector
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/67d0a0f3634f4429854e3c28b4018ec3
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A Hybrid Framework for Direct CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Quantification in China’s Construction Sector

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