Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level

Abstract We have selected five evolutionary very different biological systems ranging from unicellular protists via algae and higher plants to human cells showing responses to the gravity vector of the Earth in order to compare their graviperception mechanisms. All these systems use a mass, which ma...

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Autores principales:	Donat-P. Häder, Markus Braun, Daniela Grimm, Ruth Hemmersbach
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/684fa6a58c324a05bfe6b9a8042c2a2e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:684fa6a58c324a05bfe6b9a8042c2a2e2021-12-02T11:51:09ZGravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level10.1038/s41526-017-0018-82373-8065https://doaj.org/article/684fa6a58c324a05bfe6b9a8042c2a2e2017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-017-0018-8https://doaj.org/toc/2373-8065Abstract We have selected five evolutionary very different biological systems ranging from unicellular protists via algae and higher plants to human cells showing responses to the gravity vector of the Earth in order to compare their graviperception mechanisms. All these systems use a mass, which may either by a heavy statolith or the whole content of the cell heavier than the surrounding medium to operate on a gravireceptor either by exerting pressure or by pulling on a cytoskeletal element. In many cases the receptor seems to be a mechanosensitive ion channel activated by the gravitational force which allows a gated ion flux across the membrane when activated. This has been identified in many systems to be a calcium current, which in turn activates subsequent elements of the sensory transduction chain, such as calmodulin, which in turn results in the activation of ubiquitous enzymes, gene expression activation or silencing. Naturally, the subsequent responses to the gravity stimulus differ widely between the systems ranging from orientational movement and directed growth to physiological reactions and adaptation to the environmental conditions.Donat-P. HäderMarkus BraunDaniela GrimmRuth HemmersbachNature PortfolioarticleBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65PhysiologyQP1-981ENnpj Microgravity, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Physiology QP1-981 Donat-P. Häder Markus Braun Daniela Grimm Ruth Hemmersbach Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
description	Abstract We have selected five evolutionary very different biological systems ranging from unicellular protists via algae and higher plants to human cells showing responses to the gravity vector of the Earth in order to compare their graviperception mechanisms. All these systems use a mass, which may either by a heavy statolith or the whole content of the cell heavier than the surrounding medium to operate on a gravireceptor either by exerting pressure or by pulling on a cytoskeletal element. In many cases the receptor seems to be a mechanosensitive ion channel activated by the gravitational force which allows a gated ion flux across the membrane when activated. This has been identified in many systems to be a calcium current, which in turn activates subsequent elements of the sensory transduction chain, such as calmodulin, which in turn results in the activation of ubiquitous enzymes, gene expression activation or silencing. Naturally, the subsequent responses to the gravity stimulus differ widely between the systems ranging from orientational movement and directed growth to physiological reactions and adaptation to the environmental conditions.
format	article
author	Donat-P. Häder Markus Braun Daniela Grimm Ruth Hemmersbach
author_facet	Donat-P. Häder Markus Braun Daniela Grimm Ruth Hemmersbach
author_sort	Donat-P. Häder
title	Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
title_short	Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
title_full	Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
title_fullStr	Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
title_full_unstemmed	Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
title_sort	gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/684fa6a58c324a05bfe6b9a8042c2a2e
work_keys_str_mv	AT donatphader gravireceptorsineukaryotesacomparisonofcasestudiesonthecellularlevel AT markusbraun gravireceptorsineukaryotesacomparisonofcasestudiesonthecellularlevel AT danielagrimm gravireceptorsineukaryotesacomparisonofcasestudiesonthecellularlevel AT ruthhemmersbach gravireceptorsineukaryotesacomparisonofcasestudiesonthecellularlevel
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Gravireceptors in eukaryotes—a comparison of case studies on the cellular level

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