Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans

Abstract Dogs’ increased human-directed sociability compared to wolves may be the result of increased oxytocin system activity and decreased stress responses, but comparative studies accounting for life experience are lacking. We compared hand-raised, pack-living wolves’ and dogs’ behavior and hormo...

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Autores principales:	Gwendolyn Wirobski, Friederike Range, Franka S. Schaebs, Rupert Palme, Tobias Deschner, Sarah Marshall-Pescini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/686d981a9eda473987899214a249f189
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:686d981a9eda473987899214a249f1892021-12-02T16:08:07ZLife experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans10.1038/s41598-021-93922-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/686d981a9eda473987899214a249f1892021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93922-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Dogs’ increased human-directed sociability compared to wolves may be the result of increased oxytocin system activity and decreased stress responses, but comparative studies accounting for life experience are lacking. We compared hand-raised, pack-living wolves’ and dogs’ behavior and hormone concentrations after interacting with a closely bonded and a familiar human. Both preferred the bonded partner, but dogs showed less variability in human-directed sociability than wolves. Physical contact was not associated with oxytocin but correlated positively with glucocorticoids in the pack-living animals when the human was not bonded. To clarify the role of life experience, we tested pet dogs and found that oxytocin concentrations correlated positively with physical contact with their owners, while glucocorticoids remained unaffected. Results show that, given similar experiences, wolf-dog differences in human-directed sociability and associated hormones are subtle and indicate that factors related to life as a pet dog rather than domestication account for oxytocin release during human–dog interactions.Gwendolyn WirobskiFriederike RangeFranka S. SchaebsRupert PalmeTobias DeschnerSarah Marshall-PesciniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gwendolyn Wirobski Friederike Range Franka S. Schaebs Rupert Palme Tobias Deschner Sarah Marshall-Pescini Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
description	Abstract Dogs’ increased human-directed sociability compared to wolves may be the result of increased oxytocin system activity and decreased stress responses, but comparative studies accounting for life experience are lacking. We compared hand-raised, pack-living wolves’ and dogs’ behavior and hormone concentrations after interacting with a closely bonded and a familiar human. Both preferred the bonded partner, but dogs showed less variability in human-directed sociability than wolves. Physical contact was not associated with oxytocin but correlated positively with glucocorticoids in the pack-living animals when the human was not bonded. To clarify the role of life experience, we tested pet dogs and found that oxytocin concentrations correlated positively with physical contact with their owners, while glucocorticoids remained unaffected. Results show that, given similar experiences, wolf-dog differences in human-directed sociability and associated hormones are subtle and indicate that factors related to life as a pet dog rather than domestication account for oxytocin release during human–dog interactions.
format	article
author	Gwendolyn Wirobski Friederike Range Franka S. Schaebs Rupert Palme Tobias Deschner Sarah Marshall-Pescini
author_facet	Gwendolyn Wirobski Friederike Range Franka S. Schaebs Rupert Palme Tobias Deschner Sarah Marshall-Pescini
author_sort	Gwendolyn Wirobski
title	Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
title_short	Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
title_full	Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
title_fullStr	Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
title_full_unstemmed	Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
title_sort	life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/686d981a9eda473987899214a249f189
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Life experience rather than domestication accounts for dogs’ increased oxytocin release during social contact with humans

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