Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices

Abstract A quantum random number generator (QRNG) as a genuine source of randomness is essential in many applications, such as number simulation and cryptography. Recently, a source-independent quantum random number generator (SI-QRNG), which can generate secure random numbers with untrusted sources...

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Autores principales:	Xing Lin, Shuang Wang, Zhen-Qiang Yin, Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan, Rong Wang, Wei Chen, De-Yong He, Zheng Zhou, Guang-Can Guo, Zheng-Fu Han
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6876a7be510345bc94b580163816e016
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6876a7be510345bc94b580163816e0162021-12-02T16:18:10ZSecurity analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices10.1038/s41534-020-00331-92056-6387https://doaj.org/article/6876a7be510345bc94b580163816e0162020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-020-00331-9https://doaj.org/toc/2056-6387Abstract A quantum random number generator (QRNG) as a genuine source of randomness is essential in many applications, such as number simulation and cryptography. Recently, a source-independent quantum random number generator (SI-QRNG), which can generate secure random numbers with untrusted sources, has been realized. However, the measurement loopholes of the trusted but imperfect devices used in SI-QRNGs have not yet been fully explored, which will cause security problems, especially in high-speed systems. Here, we point out and evaluate the security loopholes of practical imperfect measurement devices in SI-QRNGs. We also provide corresponding countermeasures to prevent these information leakages by recalculating the conditional minimum entropy and adding a monitor. Furthermore, by taking into account the finite-size effect, we show that the influence of the afterpulse can exceed that of the finite-size effect with the large number of sampled rounds. Our protocol is simple and effective, and it promotes the security of SI-QRNG in practice as well as the compatibility with high-speed measurement devices, thus paving the way for constructing ultrafast and security-certified commercial SI-QRNG systems.Xing LinShuang WangZhen-Qiang YinGuan-Jie Fan-YuanRong WangWei ChenDe-Yong HeZheng ZhouGuang-Can GuoZheng-Fu HanNature PortfolioarticlePhysicsQC1-999Electronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95ENnpj Quantum Information, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Xing Lin Shuang Wang Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Rong Wang Wei Chen De-Yong He Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
description	Abstract A quantum random number generator (QRNG) as a genuine source of randomness is essential in many applications, such as number simulation and cryptography. Recently, a source-independent quantum random number generator (SI-QRNG), which can generate secure random numbers with untrusted sources, has been realized. However, the measurement loopholes of the trusted but imperfect devices used in SI-QRNGs have not yet been fully explored, which will cause security problems, especially in high-speed systems. Here, we point out and evaluate the security loopholes of practical imperfect measurement devices in SI-QRNGs. We also provide corresponding countermeasures to prevent these information leakages by recalculating the conditional minimum entropy and adding a monitor. Furthermore, by taking into account the finite-size effect, we show that the influence of the afterpulse can exceed that of the finite-size effect with the large number of sampled rounds. Our protocol is simple and effective, and it promotes the security of SI-QRNG in practice as well as the compatibility with high-speed measurement devices, thus paving the way for constructing ultrafast and security-certified commercial SI-QRNG systems.
format	article
author	Xing Lin Shuang Wang Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Rong Wang Wei Chen De-Yong He Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han
author_facet	Xing Lin Shuang Wang Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Rong Wang Wei Chen De-Yong He Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han
author_sort	Xing Lin
title	Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
title_short	Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
title_full	Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
title_fullStr	Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
title_full_unstemmed	Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
title_sort	security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/6876a7be510345bc94b580163816e016
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Security analysis and improvement of source independent quantum random number generators with imperfect devices

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