Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA

Hot springs in the Alvord/Pueblo valleys in southeastern Oregon are analogous to Basin-and-Range hydrothermal systems where heat source and permeable pathways are met through crustal thinning. Silica sinter deposition at Mickey Springs, Alvord Valley, predates the late Pleistocene high stand of pluv...

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Autores principales:	Leslie Allen Mowbray, Michael L. Cummings
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	silica sinter thermoluminescence dating ground penetrating radar northwestern Basin-and-Range Province Alvord/Pueblo valleys Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/68816721ba804732823a57d5418060cb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:68816721ba804732823a57d5418060cb2021-11-11T15:57:32ZSilica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA10.3390/en142171861996-1073https://doaj.org/article/68816721ba804732823a57d5418060cb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7186https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073Hot springs in the Alvord/Pueblo valleys in southeastern Oregon are analogous to Basin-and-Range hydrothermal systems where heat source and permeable pathways are met through crustal thinning. Silica sinter deposition at Mickey Springs, Alvord Valley, predates the late Pleistocene high stand of pluvial Lake Alvord. At Borax Lake, Pueblo Valley, sinter deposition occurred during the Holocene. This study examines the evolution of springs at Mickey Springs, where three morphologies of sinter are present: (1) basalt clasts surrounded by sinter in interbedded conglomerate and sandstone, (2) pool-edge and aprons of sinter surrounding depressions (12–32 m diameter), and (3) quaquaversal sinter mounds with pool-edge sinter. The oldest sinter occurs in silica-cemented conglomerate and sandstone, where deposition occurred prior to 30 kya. Deposition around broad depressions and mounds occurred after 30 kya but before water levels began to rise in pluvial Lake Alvord. Thermoluminescence dates suggest sinter deposition ceased before 18 kya when silt and clay filled inactive vents and buried aprons. A few mounds hosted active springs after sinter deposition ceased but while submerged in pluvial Lake Alvord. Now, high-temperature springs, steam vents, and mud pots are concentrated in a 50 × 50 m area near the southern edge of the spring area.Leslie Allen MowbrayMichael L. CummingsMDPI AGarticlesilica sinterthermoluminescence datingground penetrating radarnorthwestern Basin-and-Range ProvinceAlvord/Pueblo valleysTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7186, p 7186 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	silica sinter thermoluminescence dating ground penetrating radar northwestern Basin-and-Range Province Alvord/Pueblo valleys Technology T
spellingShingle	silica sinter thermoluminescence dating ground penetrating radar northwestern Basin-and-Range Province Alvord/Pueblo valleys Technology T Leslie Allen Mowbray Michael L. Cummings Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
description	Hot springs in the Alvord/Pueblo valleys in southeastern Oregon are analogous to Basin-and-Range hydrothermal systems where heat source and permeable pathways are met through crustal thinning. Silica sinter deposition at Mickey Springs, Alvord Valley, predates the late Pleistocene high stand of pluvial Lake Alvord. At Borax Lake, Pueblo Valley, sinter deposition occurred during the Holocene. This study examines the evolution of springs at Mickey Springs, where three morphologies of sinter are present: (1) basalt clasts surrounded by sinter in interbedded conglomerate and sandstone, (2) pool-edge and aprons of sinter surrounding depressions (12–32 m diameter), and (3) quaquaversal sinter mounds with pool-edge sinter. The oldest sinter occurs in silica-cemented conglomerate and sandstone, where deposition occurred prior to 30 kya. Deposition around broad depressions and mounds occurred after 30 kya but before water levels began to rise in pluvial Lake Alvord. Thermoluminescence dates suggest sinter deposition ceased before 18 kya when silt and clay filled inactive vents and buried aprons. A few mounds hosted active springs after sinter deposition ceased but while submerged in pluvial Lake Alvord. Now, high-temperature springs, steam vents, and mud pots are concentrated in a 50 × 50 m area near the southern edge of the spring area.
format	article
author	Leslie Allen Mowbray Michael L. Cummings
author_facet	Leslie Allen Mowbray Michael L. Cummings
author_sort	Leslie Allen Mowbray
title	Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
title_short	Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
title_full	Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
title_fullStr	Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
title_full_unstemmed	Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA
title_sort	silica sinter and the evolution of hot springs in the alvord/pueblo valleys, southeast oregon, usa
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/68816721ba804732823a57d5418060cb
work_keys_str_mv	AT leslieallenmowbray silicasinterandtheevolutionofhotspringsinthealvordpueblovalleyssoutheastoregonusa AT michaellcummings silicasinterandtheevolutionofhotspringsinthealvordpueblovalleyssoutheastoregonusa
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Silica Sinter and the Evolution of Hot Springs in the Alvord/Pueblo Valleys, Southeast Oregon, USA

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