Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals

Abstract It is a widely held assumption that the brain performs perceptual inference by combining sensory information with prior expectations, weighted by their uncertainty. A distinction can be made between higher- and lower-level priors, which can be manipulated with associative learning and senso...

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Autores principales:	Zsófia Pálffy, Kinga Farkas, Gábor Csukly, Szabolcs Kéri, Bertalan Polner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/68a2c85578e749ca9167ec732d2fea8c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:68a2c85578e749ca9167ec732d2fea8c2021-12-02T17:08:23ZCross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals10.1038/s41598-021-96198-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/68a2c85578e749ca9167ec732d2fea8c2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96198-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract It is a widely held assumption that the brain performs perceptual inference by combining sensory information with prior expectations, weighted by their uncertainty. A distinction can be made between higher- and lower-level priors, which can be manipulated with associative learning and sensory priming, respectively. Here, we simultaneously investigate priming and the differential effect of auditory vs. visual associative cues on visual perception, and we also examine the reliability of individual differences. Healthy individuals (N = 29) performed a perceptual inference task twice with a one-week delay. They reported the perceived direction of motion of dot pairs, which were preceded by a probabilistic visuo-acoustic cue. In 30% of the trials, motion direction was ambiguous, and in half of these trials, the auditory versus the visual cue predicted opposing directions. Cue-stimulus contingency could change every 40 trials. On ambiguous trials where the visual and the auditory cue predicted conflicting directions of motion, participants made more decisions consistent with the prediction of the acoustic cue. Increased predictive processing under stimulus uncertainty was indicated by slower responses to ambiguous (vs. non-ambiguous) stimuli. Furthermore, priming effects were also observed in that perception of ambiguous stimuli was influenced by perceptual decisions on the previous ambiguous and unambiguous trials as well. Critically, behavioural effects had substantial inter-individual variability which showed high test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.78). Overall, higher-level priors based on auditory (vs. visual) information had greater influence on visual perception, and lower-level priors were also in action. Importantly, we observed large and stable differences in various aspects of task performance. Computational modelling combined with neuroimaging could allow testing hypotheses regarding the potential mechanisms causing these behavioral effects. The reliability of the behavioural differences implicates that such perceptual inference tasks could be valuable tools during large-scale biomarker and neuroimaging studies.Zsófia PálffyKinga FarkasGábor CsuklySzabolcs KériBertalan PolnerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zsófia Pálffy Kinga Farkas Gábor Csukly Szabolcs Kéri Bertalan Polner Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
description	Abstract It is a widely held assumption that the brain performs perceptual inference by combining sensory information with prior expectations, weighted by their uncertainty. A distinction can be made between higher- and lower-level priors, which can be manipulated with associative learning and sensory priming, respectively. Here, we simultaneously investigate priming and the differential effect of auditory vs. visual associative cues on visual perception, and we also examine the reliability of individual differences. Healthy individuals (N = 29) performed a perceptual inference task twice with a one-week delay. They reported the perceived direction of motion of dot pairs, which were preceded by a probabilistic visuo-acoustic cue. In 30% of the trials, motion direction was ambiguous, and in half of these trials, the auditory versus the visual cue predicted opposing directions. Cue-stimulus contingency could change every 40 trials. On ambiguous trials where the visual and the auditory cue predicted conflicting directions of motion, participants made more decisions consistent with the prediction of the acoustic cue. Increased predictive processing under stimulus uncertainty was indicated by slower responses to ambiguous (vs. non-ambiguous) stimuli. Furthermore, priming effects were also observed in that perception of ambiguous stimuli was influenced by perceptual decisions on the previous ambiguous and unambiguous trials as well. Critically, behavioural effects had substantial inter-individual variability which showed high test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.78). Overall, higher-level priors based on auditory (vs. visual) information had greater influence on visual perception, and lower-level priors were also in action. Importantly, we observed large and stable differences in various aspects of task performance. Computational modelling combined with neuroimaging could allow testing hypotheses regarding the potential mechanisms causing these behavioral effects. The reliability of the behavioural differences implicates that such perceptual inference tasks could be valuable tools during large-scale biomarker and neuroimaging studies.
format	article
author	Zsófia Pálffy Kinga Farkas Gábor Csukly Szabolcs Kéri Bertalan Polner
author_facet	Zsófia Pálffy Kinga Farkas Gábor Csukly Szabolcs Kéri Bertalan Polner
author_sort	Zsófia Pálffy
title	Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
title_short	Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
title_full	Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
title_fullStr	Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
title_full_unstemmed	Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
title_sort	cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/68a2c85578e749ca9167ec732d2fea8c
work_keys_str_mv	AT zsofiapalffy crossmodalauditorypriorsdrivetheperceptionofbistablevisualstimuliwithreliabledifferencesbetweenindividuals AT kingafarkas crossmodalauditorypriorsdrivetheperceptionofbistablevisualstimuliwithreliabledifferencesbetweenindividuals AT gaborcsukly crossmodalauditorypriorsdrivetheperceptionofbistablevisualstimuliwithreliabledifferencesbetweenindividuals AT szabolcskeri crossmodalauditorypriorsdrivetheperceptionofbistablevisualstimuliwithreliabledifferencesbetweenindividuals AT bertalanpolner crossmodalauditorypriorsdrivetheperceptionofbistablevisualstimuliwithreliabledifferencesbetweenindividuals
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Cross-modal auditory priors drive the perception of bistable visual stimuli with reliable differences between individuals

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