Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy

With many advantages over well-established methods, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has emerged as a useful analytical technique for the compositional analysis of multi-elemental geological materials. In this study, LIBS was employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a rare mi...

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Autores principales:	Altaf Ahmad, Shahab Ahmed Abbasi, Muhammad Hafeez, Taj Muhammad Khan, Muhammad Rafique, Nasar Ahmed, Pervaiz Ahmad, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Muhammad Javed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CF-LIBS astrophyllite minerals titanium quantitative analysis Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/68c58d19f6d245adaef82fbd5718647e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:68c58d19f6d245adaef82fbd5718647e2021-11-11T17:51:06ZDetection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy10.3390/ma142162771996-1944https://doaj.org/article/68c58d19f6d245adaef82fbd5718647e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6277https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944With many advantages over well-established methods, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has emerged as a useful analytical technique for the compositional analysis of multi-elemental geological materials. In this study, LIBS was employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a rare mineral, astrophyllite, bearing precious elements of industrial and technological interest. The experiment was carried out using second harmonic generation of Nd:YAG laser of pulse width 5 ns and repetition rate of 10 Hz. Microplasma was produced by focusing laser beam on an astrophyllite target, and optical emissions from the generated plasma were recorded in the spectral range of 200–720 nm with the help of a LIBS2000+ detection system. On analyzing the optical spectra, existence of 15 elements in astrophyllite target were revealed. These elements include: Ti, W, Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Na, Ni, Si and H. For quantification, calibration-free method was used. Only ten elements, namely Ti, W, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ca, Mg, Ni, Si and Al, were quantified with relative weight concentrations of 55.39%, 18.79%, 18.30%, 4.05%, 2.66, 0.43%, 0.18%, 0.12%, 0.06% and 0.02%, respectively. To benchmark these results, XRF analysis was performed, which confirmed the presence of all the elements detected in the optical spectrum of the sample, except for Na, Li, and H. The concentrations of these ten elements as measured by XRF were in reasonable agreement, especially for the major elements. The presence of a significant amount of Ti and W in an astrophyllite sample, found in Pakistan, highlights the economic value of this mineral. This study may be of further interest in commissioning LIBS technology for exploration of minerals in the region.Altaf AhmadShahab Ahmed AbbasiMuhammad HafeezTaj Muhammad KhanMuhammad RafiqueNasar AhmedPervaiz AhmadMohammad Rashed Iqbal FaruqueMayeen Uddin KhandakerMuhammad JavedMDPI AGarticleCF-LIBSastrophyllitemineralstitaniumquantitative analysisTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6277, p 6277 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CF-LIBS astrophyllite minerals titanium quantitative analysis Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	CF-LIBS astrophyllite minerals titanium quantitative analysis Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Altaf Ahmad Shahab Ahmed Abbasi Muhammad Hafeez Taj Muhammad Khan Muhammad Rafique Nasar Ahmed Pervaiz Ahmad Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Muhammad Javed Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
description	With many advantages over well-established methods, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has emerged as a useful analytical technique for the compositional analysis of multi-elemental geological materials. In this study, LIBS was employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a rare mineral, astrophyllite, bearing precious elements of industrial and technological interest. The experiment was carried out using second harmonic generation of Nd:YAG laser of pulse width 5 ns and repetition rate of 10 Hz. Microplasma was produced by focusing laser beam on an astrophyllite target, and optical emissions from the generated plasma were recorded in the spectral range of 200–720 nm with the help of a LIBS2000+ detection system. On analyzing the optical spectra, existence of 15 elements in astrophyllite target were revealed. These elements include: Ti, W, Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Na, Ni, Si and H. For quantification, calibration-free method was used. Only ten elements, namely Ti, W, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ca, Mg, Ni, Si and Al, were quantified with relative weight concentrations of 55.39%, 18.79%, 18.30%, 4.05%, 2.66, 0.43%, 0.18%, 0.12%, 0.06% and 0.02%, respectively. To benchmark these results, XRF analysis was performed, which confirmed the presence of all the elements detected in the optical spectrum of the sample, except for Na, Li, and H. The concentrations of these ten elements as measured by XRF were in reasonable agreement, especially for the major elements. The presence of a significant amount of Ti and W in an astrophyllite sample, found in Pakistan, highlights the economic value of this mineral. This study may be of further interest in commissioning LIBS technology for exploration of minerals in the region.
format	article
author	Altaf Ahmad Shahab Ahmed Abbasi Muhammad Hafeez Taj Muhammad Khan Muhammad Rafique Nasar Ahmed Pervaiz Ahmad Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Muhammad Javed
author_facet	Altaf Ahmad Shahab Ahmed Abbasi Muhammad Hafeez Taj Muhammad Khan Muhammad Rafique Nasar Ahmed Pervaiz Ahmad Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Muhammad Javed
author_sort	Altaf Ahmad
title	Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
title_short	Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
title_full	Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
title_fullStr	Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed	Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy
title_sort	detection and quantification of precious elements in astrophyllite mineral by optical spectroscopy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/68c58d19f6d245adaef82fbd5718647e
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Detection and Quantification of Precious Elements in Astrophyllite Mineral by Optical Spectroscopy

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