Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Annatto (<i>Bixa orellana</i> L.) is extensively used as food pigment worldwide. Recently, several studies have found it to have healing and antioxidant properties, as well as effective action against leishmaniasis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to incorporate the oil obtained...

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Autores principales:	Marianna Araújo Ferreira, Renato Ferreira de Almeida Júnior, Thiago Souza Onofre, Bruna Renata Casadei, Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias, Patricia Severino, Camilo Flamarion de Oliveira Franco, Fernanda Nervo Raffin, Túlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e Moura, Raquel de Melo Barbosa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	annatto oil <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. cutaneous leishmaniasis nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) lipid nanoparticles Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6902ab883ea7499bb29b2a5da6a0c300
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6902ab883ea7499bb29b2a5da6a0c3002021-11-25T18:41:44ZAnnatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis10.3390/pharmaceutics131119121999-4923https://doaj.org/article/6902ab883ea7499bb29b2a5da6a0c3002021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1912https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Annatto (<i>Bixa orellana</i> L.) is extensively used as food pigment worldwide. Recently, several studies have found it to have healing and antioxidant properties, as well as effective action against leishmaniasis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to incorporate the oil obtained from annatto seeds into a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) and evaluate its physicochemical properties and biological activity against <i>Leishmania major</i>. Nanoparticles were prepared by the fusion-emulsification and ultrasonication method, with the components Synperonic™ PE (PL) as the surfactant, cetyl palmitate (CP) or myristyl myristate (MM) as solid lipids, annatto oil (AO) (2% and 4%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) as liquid lipid and active ingredient, and ultra-pure water. Physicochemical and biological characterizations were carried out to describe the NLCs, including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) by dynamic light scattering (DLS), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), thermal behavior, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), cytotoxicity on BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts and immortalized human keratinocyte cells, and anti-leishmaniasis activity in vitro. Nanoparticles presented an average diameter of ~200 nm (confirmed by TEM results), a PDI of less than 0.30, ZP between −12.6 and −31.2 mV, and more than 50% of AO encapsulated in NLCs. Thermal analyses demonstrated that the systems were stable at high temperatures with a decrease in crystalline structure due to the presence of AOs (confirmed by XRD). In vitro, the anti-leishmania test displayed good activity in encapsulating AO against <i>L. major</i>. The results indicate that the oily fraction of <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. in NLC systems should be evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent against leishmaniasis.Marianna Araújo FerreiraRenato Ferreira de Almeida JúniorThiago Souza OnofreBruna Renata CasadeiKleber Juvenal Silva FariasPatricia SeverinoCamilo Flamarion de Oliveira FrancoFernanda Nervo RaffinTúlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e MouraRaquel de Melo BarbosaMDPI AGarticleannatto oil<i>Bixa orellana</i> L.cutaneous leishmaniasisnanostructured lipid carriers (NLC)lipid nanoparticlesPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1912, p 1912 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	annatto oil <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. cutaneous leishmaniasis nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) lipid nanoparticles Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	annatto oil <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. cutaneous leishmaniasis nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) lipid nanoparticles Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Marianna Araújo Ferreira Renato Ferreira de Almeida Júnior Thiago Souza Onofre Bruna Renata Casadei Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias Patricia Severino Camilo Flamarion de Oliveira Franco Fernanda Nervo Raffin Túlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e Moura Raquel de Melo Barbosa Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
description	Annatto (<i>Bixa orellana</i> L.) is extensively used as food pigment worldwide. Recently, several studies have found it to have healing and antioxidant properties, as well as effective action against leishmaniasis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to incorporate the oil obtained from annatto seeds into a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) and evaluate its physicochemical properties and biological activity against <i>Leishmania major</i>. Nanoparticles were prepared by the fusion-emulsification and ultrasonication method, with the components Synperonic™ PE (PL) as the surfactant, cetyl palmitate (CP) or myristyl myristate (MM) as solid lipids, annatto oil (AO) (2% and 4%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) as liquid lipid and active ingredient, and ultra-pure water. Physicochemical and biological characterizations were carried out to describe the NLCs, including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) by dynamic light scattering (DLS), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), thermal behavior, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), cytotoxicity on BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts and immortalized human keratinocyte cells, and anti-leishmaniasis activity in vitro. Nanoparticles presented an average diameter of ~200 nm (confirmed by TEM results), a PDI of less than 0.30, ZP between −12.6 and −31.2 mV, and more than 50% of AO encapsulated in NLCs. Thermal analyses demonstrated that the systems were stable at high temperatures with a decrease in crystalline structure due to the presence of AOs (confirmed by XRD). In vitro, the anti-leishmania test displayed good activity in encapsulating AO against <i>L. major</i>. The results indicate that the oily fraction of <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. in NLC systems should be evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent against leishmaniasis.
format	article
author	Marianna Araújo Ferreira Renato Ferreira de Almeida Júnior Thiago Souza Onofre Bruna Renata Casadei Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias Patricia Severino Camilo Flamarion de Oliveira Franco Fernanda Nervo Raffin Túlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e Moura Raquel de Melo Barbosa
author_facet	Marianna Araújo Ferreira Renato Ferreira de Almeida Júnior Thiago Souza Onofre Bruna Renata Casadei Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias Patricia Severino Camilo Flamarion de Oliveira Franco Fernanda Nervo Raffin Túlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e Moura Raquel de Melo Barbosa
author_sort	Marianna Araújo Ferreira
title	Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
title_short	Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
title_full	Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
title_fullStr	Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
title_full_unstemmed	Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
title_sort	annatto oil loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: a potential new treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6902ab883ea7499bb29b2a5da6a0c300
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Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

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