Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii

Abstract Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most commonly used antibiotic in worldwide for inhibiting aquatic animal diseases. However, the residues of SMX are difficult to eliminate and may enter the food chain, leading to considerable threats on human health. The bacterial strain Sphingobacterium mizut...

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Autores principales:	Jinlong Song, Guijie Hao, Lu Liu, Hongyu Zhang, Dongxue Zhao, Xingyang Li, Zhen Yang, Jinhua Xu, Zhiyong Ruan, Yingchun Mu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6914dec818804347af15ce6da4f18284
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6914dec818804347af15ce6da4f182842021-12-05T12:14:09ZBiodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii10.1038/s41598-021-02404-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6914dec818804347af15ce6da4f182842021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02404-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most commonly used antibiotic in worldwide for inhibiting aquatic animal diseases. However, the residues of SMX are difficult to eliminate and may enter the food chain, leading to considerable threats on human health. The bacterial strain Sphingobacterium mizutaii LLE5 was isolated from activated sludge. This strain could utilize SMX as its sole carbon source and degrade it efficiently. Under optimal degradation conditions (30.8 °C, pH 7.2, and inoculum amount of 3.5 × 107 cfu/mL), S. mizutaii LLE5 could degrade 93.87% of 50 mg/L SMX within 7 days. Four intermediate products from the degradation of SMX were identified and a possible degradation pathway based on these findings was proposed. Furthermore, S. mizutaii LLE5 could also degrade other sulfonamides. This study is the first report on (1) degradation of SMX and other sulfonamides by S. mizutaii, (2) optimization of biodegradation conditions via response surface methodology, and (3) identification of sulfanilamide, 4-aminothiophenol, 5-amino-3-methylisoxazole, and aniline as metabolites in the degradation pathway of SMX in a microorganism. This strain might be useful for the bioremediation of SMX-contaminated environment.Jinlong SongGuijie HaoLu LiuHongyu ZhangDongxue ZhaoXingyang LiZhen YangJinhua XuZhiyong RuanYingchun MuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jinlong Song Guijie Hao Lu Liu Hongyu Zhang Dongxue Zhao Xingyang Li Zhen Yang Jinhua Xu Zhiyong Ruan Yingchun Mu Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
description	Abstract Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most commonly used antibiotic in worldwide for inhibiting aquatic animal diseases. However, the residues of SMX are difficult to eliminate and may enter the food chain, leading to considerable threats on human health. The bacterial strain Sphingobacterium mizutaii LLE5 was isolated from activated sludge. This strain could utilize SMX as its sole carbon source and degrade it efficiently. Under optimal degradation conditions (30.8 °C, pH 7.2, and inoculum amount of 3.5 × 107 cfu/mL), S. mizutaii LLE5 could degrade 93.87% of 50 mg/L SMX within 7 days. Four intermediate products from the degradation of SMX were identified and a possible degradation pathway based on these findings was proposed. Furthermore, S. mizutaii LLE5 could also degrade other sulfonamides. This study is the first report on (1) degradation of SMX and other sulfonamides by S. mizutaii, (2) optimization of biodegradation conditions via response surface methodology, and (3) identification of sulfanilamide, 4-aminothiophenol, 5-amino-3-methylisoxazole, and aniline as metabolites in the degradation pathway of SMX in a microorganism. This strain might be useful for the bioremediation of SMX-contaminated environment.
format	article
author	Jinlong Song Guijie Hao Lu Liu Hongyu Zhang Dongxue Zhao Xingyang Li Zhen Yang Jinhua Xu Zhiyong Ruan Yingchun Mu
author_facet	Jinlong Song Guijie Hao Lu Liu Hongyu Zhang Dongxue Zhao Xingyang Li Zhen Yang Jinhua Xu Zhiyong Ruan Yingchun Mu
author_sort	Jinlong Song
title	Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
title_short	Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
title_full	Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
title_fullStr	Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
title_full_unstemmed	Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii
title_sort	biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by sphingobacterium mizutaii
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6914dec818804347af15ce6da4f18284
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Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of sulfamethoxazole by Sphingobacterium mizutaii

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