A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication

Abstract Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. subsp. somniferum) was likely domesticated in the Western Mediterranean, where its putative wild ancestor is indigenous, and then spread to central and northern Europe. While opium poppy seeds are regularly identified in archaeobotanical studies, the absen...

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Autores principales:	Ana Jesus, Vincent Bonhomme, Allowen Evin, Sarah Ivorra, Raül Soteras, Aurélie Salavert, Ferran Antolín, Laurent Bouby
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/69152373dca140edbf99e5667a4d4d96
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:69152373dca140edbf99e5667a4d4d962021-12-02T14:29:04ZA morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication10.1038/s41598-021-88964-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/69152373dca140edbf99e5667a4d4d962021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88964-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. subsp. somniferum) was likely domesticated in the Western Mediterranean, where its putative wild ancestor is indigenous, and then spread to central and northern Europe. While opium poppy seeds are regularly identified in archaeobotanical studies, the absence of morphological criteria to distinguish the seeds of wild and domestic forms prevents the documentation of their respective historical and geographical occurrences and of the process of opium domestication as a whole. To fill this gap and better understand the status of this crop in the Neolithic, we combined seed outline analyses, namely elliptic Fourier transforms, with other morphometric descriptors to describe and identify Papaver setigerum, Papaver somniferum and other Papaver taxa. The combination of all measured parameters gives the most precise predictions for the identification of all seven taxa. We finally provide a case study on a Neolithic assemblage from a pile-dwelling site in Switzerland (Zurich-Parkhaus Opéra, ca. 3170 BC). Our results indicate the presence of mixed populations of domestic and wild seeds belonging to the P. somniferum group, suggesting that the plant was already in the process of domestication at the end of 4th millennium BC. Altogether, these results pave the way to understand the geography and history of the poppy domestication and its spread into Europe.Ana JesusVincent BonhommeAllowen EvinSarah IvorraRaül SoterasAurélie SalavertFerran AntolínLaurent BoubyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ana Jesus Vincent Bonhomme Allowen Evin Sarah Ivorra Raül Soteras Aurélie Salavert Ferran Antolín Laurent Bouby A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
description	Abstract Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. subsp. somniferum) was likely domesticated in the Western Mediterranean, where its putative wild ancestor is indigenous, and then spread to central and northern Europe. While opium poppy seeds are regularly identified in archaeobotanical studies, the absence of morphological criteria to distinguish the seeds of wild and domestic forms prevents the documentation of their respective historical and geographical occurrences and of the process of opium domestication as a whole. To fill this gap and better understand the status of this crop in the Neolithic, we combined seed outline analyses, namely elliptic Fourier transforms, with other morphometric descriptors to describe and identify Papaver setigerum, Papaver somniferum and other Papaver taxa. The combination of all measured parameters gives the most precise predictions for the identification of all seven taxa. We finally provide a case study on a Neolithic assemblage from a pile-dwelling site in Switzerland (Zurich-Parkhaus Opéra, ca. 3170 BC). Our results indicate the presence of mixed populations of domestic and wild seeds belonging to the P. somniferum group, suggesting that the plant was already in the process of domestication at the end of 4th millennium BC. Altogether, these results pave the way to understand the geography and history of the poppy domestication and its spread into Europe.
format	article
author	Ana Jesus Vincent Bonhomme Allowen Evin Sarah Ivorra Raül Soteras Aurélie Salavert Ferran Antolín Laurent Bouby
author_facet	Ana Jesus Vincent Bonhomme Allowen Evin Sarah Ivorra Raül Soteras Aurélie Salavert Ferran Antolín Laurent Bouby
author_sort	Ana Jesus
title	A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
title_short	A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
title_full	A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
title_fullStr	A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
title_full_unstemmed	A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
title_sort	morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/69152373dca140edbf99e5667a4d4d96
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A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication

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