Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract

The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antio...

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Autores principales:	Chutima Limmatvapirat, Sontaya Limmatvapirat, Siraprapa Chansatidkosol, Wantanwa Krongrawa, Napasorn Liampipat, Sarocha Leechaiwat, Patipat Lamaisri, Lawan Siangjong, Paranee Meetam, Kuntontip Tiankittumrong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/697260d178ea486c8a747a99751937ec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:697260d178ea486c8a747a99751937ec2021-11-29T00:56:20ZPreparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract1687-943010.1155/2021/8537544https://doaj.org/article/697260d178ea486c8a747a99751937ec2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8537544https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9430The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicities. Anti-nail-biting lacquers were prepared by using herbal extracts (bittering agent), shellac (film forming polymer), ethanol (volatile solvent), and other indispensable additives with continuous stirring. Thus, attempts to enhance the film property and bitterness are accomplished by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) as a copolymer and varying concentrations of herbal extracts. Good accepted formulations were established for drying time, pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva and evaluated their bitterness in human volunteers. The results revealed that phytochemical constituents including tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids were found present in both extracts while saponins were only detected in A. paniculata extract. Although T. crispa extract exhibited a significantly higher (p<0.05) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than A. paniculata extract, it showed lower protein denaturation inhibition property than A. paniculata extract. Because of the potentials of both extracts without cytotoxicity, anti-nail-biting lacquers containing either A. paniculata extract or T. crispa extract were developed and evaluated. Drying time of formulations was 6-11 min with visually seen glossiness of formulation. Formulations of the nail lacquer showed good pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva. The formulations displaying no significant cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2076 cells were assessed on healthy human volunteers to compare bitterness and film characteristics. The results revealed that the optimized formulation containing A. paniculata extract could successfully achieve good film forming property and bitterness release which is considered promising for stopping nail biting.Chutima LimmatvapiratSontaya LimmatvapiratSiraprapa ChansatidkosolWantanwa KrongrawaNapasorn LiampipatSarocha LeechaiwatPatipat LamaisriLawan SiangjongParanee MeetamKuntontip TiankittumrongHindawi LimitedarticleChemical technologyTP1-1185ENInternational Journal of Polymer Science, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chutima Limmatvapirat Sontaya Limmatvapirat Siraprapa Chansatidkosol Wantanwa Krongrawa Napasorn Liampipat Sarocha Leechaiwat Patipat Lamaisri Lawan Siangjong Paranee Meetam Kuntontip Tiankittumrong Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
description	The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicities. Anti-nail-biting lacquers were prepared by using herbal extracts (bittering agent), shellac (film forming polymer), ethanol (volatile solvent), and other indispensable additives with continuous stirring. Thus, attempts to enhance the film property and bitterness are accomplished by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) as a copolymer and varying concentrations of herbal extracts. Good accepted formulations were established for drying time, pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva and evaluated their bitterness in human volunteers. The results revealed that phytochemical constituents including tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids were found present in both extracts while saponins were only detected in A. paniculata extract. Although T. crispa extract exhibited a significantly higher (p<0.05) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than A. paniculata extract, it showed lower protein denaturation inhibition property than A. paniculata extract. Because of the potentials of both extracts without cytotoxicity, anti-nail-biting lacquers containing either A. paniculata extract or T. crispa extract were developed and evaluated. Drying time of formulations was 6-11 min with visually seen glossiness of formulation. Formulations of the nail lacquer showed good pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva. The formulations displaying no significant cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2076 cells were assessed on healthy human volunteers to compare bitterness and film characteristics. The results revealed that the optimized formulation containing A. paniculata extract could successfully achieve good film forming property and bitterness release which is considered promising for stopping nail biting.
format	article
author	Chutima Limmatvapirat Sontaya Limmatvapirat Siraprapa Chansatidkosol Wantanwa Krongrawa Napasorn Liampipat Sarocha Leechaiwat Patipat Lamaisri Lawan Siangjong Paranee Meetam Kuntontip Tiankittumrong
author_facet	Chutima Limmatvapirat Sontaya Limmatvapirat Siraprapa Chansatidkosol Wantanwa Krongrawa Napasorn Liampipat Sarocha Leechaiwat Patipat Lamaisri Lawan Siangjong Paranee Meetam Kuntontip Tiankittumrong
author_sort	Chutima Limmatvapirat
title	Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
title_short	Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
title_full	Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
title_fullStr	Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract
title_sort	preparation and properties of anti-nail-biting lacquers containing shellac and bitter herbal extract
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/697260d178ea486c8a747a99751937ec
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Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract

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