Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction

Iron is an essential element involved in a variety of physiological functions. In the pancreatic beta-cells, being part of Fe-S cluster proteins, it is necessary for the correct insulin synthesis and processing. In the mitochondria, as a component of the respiratory chain, it allows the production o...

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Autores principales:	Algerta Marku, Alessandra Galli, Paola Marciani, Nevia Dule, Carla Perego, Michela Castagna
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Iron metabolism beta-cell function reactive oxygen species diabetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/69742b0b12b4400e9fdb5b9878551216
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:69742b0b12b4400e9fdb5b98785512162021-11-25T17:07:46ZIron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction10.3390/cells101128412073-4409https://doaj.org/article/69742b0b12b4400e9fdb5b98785512162021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2841https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Iron is an essential element involved in a variety of physiological functions. In the pancreatic beta-cells, being part of Fe-S cluster proteins, it is necessary for the correct insulin synthesis and processing. In the mitochondria, as a component of the respiratory chain, it allows the production of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger beta-cell depolarization and potentiate the calcium-dependent insulin release. Iron cellular content must be finely tuned to ensure the normal supply but also to prevent overloading. Indeed, due to the high reactivity with oxygen and the formation of free radicals, iron excess may cause oxidative damage of cells that are extremely vulnerable to this condition because the normal elevated ROS production and the paucity in antioxidant enzyme activities. The aim of the present review is to provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for iron homeostasis in beta-cells, describing how alteration of these processes has been related to beta-cell damage and failure. Defects in iron-storing or -chaperoning proteins have been detected in diabetic conditions; therefore, the control of iron metabolism in these cells deserves further investigation as a promising target for the development of new disease treatments.Algerta MarkuAlessandra GalliPaola MarcianiNevia DuleCarla PeregoMichela CastagnaMDPI AGarticleIron metabolismbeta-cell functionreactive oxygen speciesdiabetesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 2841, p 2841 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Iron metabolism beta-cell function reactive oxygen species diabetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Iron metabolism beta-cell function reactive oxygen species diabetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Algerta Marku Alessandra Galli Paola Marciani Nevia Dule Carla Perego Michela Castagna Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
description	Iron is an essential element involved in a variety of physiological functions. In the pancreatic beta-cells, being part of Fe-S cluster proteins, it is necessary for the correct insulin synthesis and processing. In the mitochondria, as a component of the respiratory chain, it allows the production of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger beta-cell depolarization and potentiate the calcium-dependent insulin release. Iron cellular content must be finely tuned to ensure the normal supply but also to prevent overloading. Indeed, due to the high reactivity with oxygen and the formation of free radicals, iron excess may cause oxidative damage of cells that are extremely vulnerable to this condition because the normal elevated ROS production and the paucity in antioxidant enzyme activities. The aim of the present review is to provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for iron homeostasis in beta-cells, describing how alteration of these processes has been related to beta-cell damage and failure. Defects in iron-storing or -chaperoning proteins have been detected in diabetic conditions; therefore, the control of iron metabolism in these cells deserves further investigation as a promising target for the development of new disease treatments.
format	article
author	Algerta Marku Alessandra Galli Paola Marciani Nevia Dule Carla Perego Michela Castagna
author_facet	Algerta Marku Alessandra Galli Paola Marciani Nevia Dule Carla Perego Michela Castagna
author_sort	Algerta Marku
title	Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
title_short	Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
title_full	Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
title_fullStr	Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
title_full_unstemmed	Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction
title_sort	iron metabolism in pancreatic beta-cell function and dysfunction
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/69742b0b12b4400e9fdb5b9878551216
work_keys_str_mv	AT algertamarku ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction AT alessandragalli ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction AT paolamarciani ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction AT neviadule ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction AT carlaperego ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction AT michelacastagna ironmetabolisminpancreaticbetacellfunctionanddysfunction
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Iron Metabolism in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Dysfunction

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