A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification

The use of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration (MF) membranes to purify oily water has received much attention. However, it is challenging to obtain high-performance PVDF microfiltration membranes due to severe surface fouling and rapid decline of permeability. This study explored a new...

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Autores principales:	Qianqian Xu, Yuchao Chen, Tonghu Xiao, Xing Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membrane lower critical solution temperature (LCST) nonsolvent thermally induced phase separation (NTIPS) structural control oil-in-water emulsion Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/698850f1135b41daa4524e5167f00ab9
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:698850f1135b41daa4524e5167f00ab9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:698850f1135b41daa4524e5167f00ab92021-11-25T18:19:28ZA Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification10.3390/membranes111108032077-0375https://doaj.org/article/698850f1135b41daa4524e5167f00ab92021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/11/803https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0375The use of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration (MF) membranes to purify oily water has received much attention. However, it is challenging to obtain high-performance PVDF microfiltration membranes due to severe surface fouling and rapid decline of permeability. This study explored a new approach to fabricate high-performance PVDF/silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) composite membrane via the use of a polymer solution featuring lower critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics and the non-solvent thermally induced phase separation method (NTIPS). Coupling with morphological observations, the membrane formation kinetics were analyzed in depth to understand the synergistic effect between the LCST solution properties and fabrication conditions in NTIPS. Utilizing such a synergistic effect, the transition from finger-like macrovoid pores to bi-continuous highly connected pores could be flexibly tuned by increasing the PVDF concentration and the weight ratio of SiO<sub>2</sub>/PVDF in the dope solution and by raising the coagulation temperature to above the LCST of the solution. The filtration experiments with surfactant-stabilized oil-water emulsion showed that the permeation flux of the PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membranes was higher than 318 L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>·bar<sup>−1</sup> and the rejection above 99.2%. It was also shown that the PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membranes, especially those fabricated above the LCST, demonstrated better hydrophilicity, which resulted in significant enhancement in the anti-fouling properties for oil/water emulsion separation. Compared to the benchmark pure PVDF membrane in oily water purification, the optimal composite membrane T70 was demonstrated via the 3-cycle filtration experiments with a significantly improved flux recovery ratio (<i>F<sub>rr</sub></i>) and minimal reduced irreversible fouling (<i>R<sub>ir</sub></i>). Overall, with the developed method in this work, facile procedure to tune the membrane morphology and pore structure was demonstrated, resulting in high performance composite membranes suitable for oil/water emulsion separation.Qianqian XuYuchao ChenTonghu XiaoXing YangMDPI AGarticlePVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membranelower critical solution temperature (LCST)nonsolvent thermally induced phase separation (NTIPS)structural controloil-in-water emulsionChemical technologyTP1-1185Chemical engineeringTP155-156ENMembranes, Vol 11, Iss 803, p 803 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membrane lower critical solution temperature (LCST) nonsolvent thermally induced phase separation (NTIPS) structural control oil-in-water emulsion Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156
spellingShingle	PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membrane lower critical solution temperature (LCST) nonsolvent thermally induced phase separation (NTIPS) structural control oil-in-water emulsion Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156 Qianqian Xu Yuchao Chen Tonghu Xiao Xing Yang A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
description	The use of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration (MF) membranes to purify oily water has received much attention. However, it is challenging to obtain high-performance PVDF microfiltration membranes due to severe surface fouling and rapid decline of permeability. This study explored a new approach to fabricate high-performance PVDF/silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) composite membrane via the use of a polymer solution featuring lower critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics and the non-solvent thermally induced phase separation method (NTIPS). Coupling with morphological observations, the membrane formation kinetics were analyzed in depth to understand the synergistic effect between the LCST solution properties and fabrication conditions in NTIPS. Utilizing such a synergistic effect, the transition from finger-like macrovoid pores to bi-continuous highly connected pores could be flexibly tuned by increasing the PVDF concentration and the weight ratio of SiO<sub>2</sub>/PVDF in the dope solution and by raising the coagulation temperature to above the LCST of the solution. The filtration experiments with surfactant-stabilized oil-water emulsion showed that the permeation flux of the PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membranes was higher than 318 L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>·bar<sup>−1</sup> and the rejection above 99.2%. It was also shown that the PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> composite membranes, especially those fabricated above the LCST, demonstrated better hydrophilicity, which resulted in significant enhancement in the anti-fouling properties for oil/water emulsion separation. Compared to the benchmark pure PVDF membrane in oily water purification, the optimal composite membrane T70 was demonstrated via the 3-cycle filtration experiments with a significantly improved flux recovery ratio (<i>F<sub>rr</sub></i>) and minimal reduced irreversible fouling (<i>R<sub>ir</sub></i>). Overall, with the developed method in this work, facile procedure to tune the membrane morphology and pore structure was demonstrated, resulting in high performance composite membranes suitable for oil/water emulsion separation.
format	article
author	Qianqian Xu Yuchao Chen Tonghu Xiao Xing Yang
author_facet	Qianqian Xu Yuchao Chen Tonghu Xiao Xing Yang
author_sort	Qianqian Xu
title	A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
title_short	A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
title_full	A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
title_fullStr	A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
title_full_unstemmed	A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification
title_sort	facile method to control pore structure of pvdf/sio<sub>2</sub> composite membranes for efficient oil/water purification
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/698850f1135b41daa4524e5167f00ab9
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A Facile Method to Control Pore Structure of PVDF/SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite Membranes for Efficient Oil/Water Purification

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