Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle

Traditionally, yaks graze only natural grassland, even in harsh winters. Meat from grazing yaks is considered very healthy; however, feedlot fattening, which includes concentrate, has been introduced. We questioned whether this change in management and diet would have an impact on the rumen and meat...

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Autores principales:	Changsheng Hu, Luming Ding, Cuixia Jiang, Chengfang Ma, Botao Liu, Donglin Li, Abraham Allan Degen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	grazing feedlot yak cattle rumen microbiota meat quality Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/69a667358c0745bfbcb6d7feb0dfd86d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:69a667358c0745bfbcb6d7feb0dfd86d2021-11-11T10:15:47ZEffects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle2296-861X10.3389/fnut.2021.755255https://doaj.org/article/69a667358c0745bfbcb6d7feb0dfd86d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.755255/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-861XTraditionally, yaks graze only natural grassland, even in harsh winters. Meat from grazing yaks is considered very healthy; however, feedlot fattening, which includes concentrate, has been introduced. We questioned whether this change in management and diet would have an impact on the rumen and meat quality of yaks. This study examined the morphology, fermentation, and microbiota of the rumen and the quality of meat of three groups of bovines: (1) grazing yaks (GYs, 4-year olds), without dietary supplements; (2) yaks (FYs, 2.5-year olds) feedlot-fattened for 5 months after grazing natural pasture; and (3) feedlot-fattened cattle (FC, Simmental, 2-year olds). This design allowed us to determine the role of diet (with and without concentrate) and genotype (yaks vs. cattle) on variables measured. Ruminal papillae surface area was greater in the FYs than in the GYs (P = 0.02), and ruminal microbial diversity was greater but richness was lesser in the GYs than in the FC and FYs. Concentrations of ruminal volatile fatty acids were greater in the yaks than in the cattle. In addition, both yak groups had higher protein and lower fat contents in meat than the FC. Meat of GY had a lower n6:n3 ratio than FY and FC, and was the only group with a ratio below r, which is recommended for healthy food. Essential amino acids (EAA), as a proportion of total AA and of non-essential AA of yak meat, met WHO criteria for healthy food; whereas FC did not.Changsheng HuLuming DingLuming DingCuixia JiangChengfang MaBotao LiuDonglin LiAbraham Allan DegenFrontiers Media S.A.articlegrazingfeedlotyakcattlerumen microbiotameat qualityNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENFrontiers in Nutrition, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	grazing feedlot yak cattle rumen microbiota meat quality Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	grazing feedlot yak cattle rumen microbiota meat quality Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Changsheng Hu Luming Ding Luming Ding Cuixia Jiang Chengfang Ma Botao Liu Donglin Li Abraham Allan Degen Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
description	Traditionally, yaks graze only natural grassland, even in harsh winters. Meat from grazing yaks is considered very healthy; however, feedlot fattening, which includes concentrate, has been introduced. We questioned whether this change in management and diet would have an impact on the rumen and meat quality of yaks. This study examined the morphology, fermentation, and microbiota of the rumen and the quality of meat of three groups of bovines: (1) grazing yaks (GYs, 4-year olds), without dietary supplements; (2) yaks (FYs, 2.5-year olds) feedlot-fattened for 5 months after grazing natural pasture; and (3) feedlot-fattened cattle (FC, Simmental, 2-year olds). This design allowed us to determine the role of diet (with and without concentrate) and genotype (yaks vs. cattle) on variables measured. Ruminal papillae surface area was greater in the FYs than in the GYs (P = 0.02), and ruminal microbial diversity was greater but richness was lesser in the GYs than in the FC and FYs. Concentrations of ruminal volatile fatty acids were greater in the yaks than in the cattle. In addition, both yak groups had higher protein and lower fat contents in meat than the FC. Meat of GY had a lower n6:n3 ratio than FY and FC, and was the only group with a ratio below r, which is recommended for healthy food. Essential amino acids (EAA), as a proportion of total AA and of non-essential AA of yak meat, met WHO criteria for healthy food; whereas FC did not.
format	article
author	Changsheng Hu Luming Ding Luming Ding Cuixia Jiang Chengfang Ma Botao Liu Donglin Li Abraham Allan Degen
author_facet	Changsheng Hu Luming Ding Luming Ding Cuixia Jiang Chengfang Ma Botao Liu Donglin Li Abraham Allan Degen
author_sort	Changsheng Hu
title	Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
title_short	Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
title_full	Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
title_fullStr	Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle
title_sort	effects of management, dietary intake, and genotype on rumen morphology, fermentation, and microbiota, and on meat quality in yaks and cattle
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/69a667358c0745bfbcb6d7feb0dfd86d
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Effects of Management, Dietary Intake, and Genotype on Rumen Morphology, Fermentation, and Microbiota, and on Meat Quality in Yaks and Cattle

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