Ultrastiff graphene

Abstract Graphene has exceptionally high in-plane strength, which makes it ideal for various nanomechanical applications. At the same time, its exceptionally low out-of-plane stiffness makes it also flimsy and hard to handle, rendering out-of-plane structures unstable and difficult to fabricate. The...

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Autores principales:	Vesa-Matti Hiltunen, Pekka Koskinen, Kamila K. Mentel, Jyrki Manninen, Pasi Myllyperkiö, Mika Pettersson, Andreas Johansson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/69fd73ac940441dab358bf1d36adde98
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:69fd73ac940441dab358bf1d36adde982021-12-02T15:55:13ZUltrastiff graphene10.1038/s41699-021-00232-12397-7132https://doaj.org/article/69fd73ac940441dab358bf1d36adde982021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-021-00232-1https://doaj.org/toc/2397-7132Abstract Graphene has exceptionally high in-plane strength, which makes it ideal for various nanomechanical applications. At the same time, its exceptionally low out-of-plane stiffness makes it also flimsy and hard to handle, rendering out-of-plane structures unstable and difficult to fabricate. Therefore, from an application point of view, a method to stiffen graphene would be highly beneficial. Here we demonstrate that graphene can be significantly stiffened by using a laser writing technique called optical forging. We fabricate suspended graphene membranes and use optical forging to create stable corrugations. Nanoindentation experiments show that the corrugations increase graphene bending stiffness up to 0.8 MeV, five orders of magnitude larger than pristine graphene and corresponding to some 35 layers of bulk graphite. Simulations demonstrate that, in addition to stiffening by micron-scale corrugations, optical forging stiffens graphene also at the nanoscale. This magnitude of stiffening of an atomically thin membrane will open avenues for a plethora of new applications, such as GHz resonators and 3D scaffolds.Vesa-Matti HiltunenPekka KoskinenKamila K. MentelJyrki ManninenPasi MyllyperkiöMika PetterssonAndreas JohanssonNature PortfolioarticleMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492ChemistryQD1-999ENnpj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Chemistry QD1-999 Vesa-Matti Hiltunen Pekka Koskinen Kamila K. Mentel Jyrki Manninen Pasi Myllyperkiö Mika Pettersson Andreas Johansson Ultrastiff graphene
description	Abstract Graphene has exceptionally high in-plane strength, which makes it ideal for various nanomechanical applications. At the same time, its exceptionally low out-of-plane stiffness makes it also flimsy and hard to handle, rendering out-of-plane structures unstable and difficult to fabricate. Therefore, from an application point of view, a method to stiffen graphene would be highly beneficial. Here we demonstrate that graphene can be significantly stiffened by using a laser writing technique called optical forging. We fabricate suspended graphene membranes and use optical forging to create stable corrugations. Nanoindentation experiments show that the corrugations increase graphene bending stiffness up to 0.8 MeV, five orders of magnitude larger than pristine graphene and corresponding to some 35 layers of bulk graphite. Simulations demonstrate that, in addition to stiffening by micron-scale corrugations, optical forging stiffens graphene also at the nanoscale. This magnitude of stiffening of an atomically thin membrane will open avenues for a plethora of new applications, such as GHz resonators and 3D scaffolds.
format	article
author	Vesa-Matti Hiltunen Pekka Koskinen Kamila K. Mentel Jyrki Manninen Pasi Myllyperkiö Mika Pettersson Andreas Johansson
author_facet	Vesa-Matti Hiltunen Pekka Koskinen Kamila K. Mentel Jyrki Manninen Pasi Myllyperkiö Mika Pettersson Andreas Johansson
author_sort	Vesa-Matti Hiltunen
title	Ultrastiff graphene
title_short	Ultrastiff graphene
title_full	Ultrastiff graphene
title_fullStr	Ultrastiff graphene
title_full_unstemmed	Ultrastiff graphene
title_sort	ultrastiff graphene
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/69fd73ac940441dab358bf1d36adde98
work_keys_str_mv	AT vesamattihiltunen ultrastiffgraphene AT pekkakoskinen ultrastiffgraphene AT kamilakmentel ultrastiffgraphene AT jyrkimanninen ultrastiffgraphene AT pasimyllyperkio ultrastiffgraphene AT mikapettersson ultrastiffgraphene AT andreasjohansson ultrastiffgraphene
_version_	1718385397709406208

Ultrastiff graphene

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