Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism

Abstract Myxozoa is a diverse, speciose group of microscopic parasites, recently placed within the phylum Cnidaria. Myxozoans are highly reduced in size and complexity relative to free-living cnidarians, yet they have retained specialized organelles known as polar capsules, akin to the nematocyst st...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gadi Piriatinskiy, Stephen D. Atkinson, Sinwook Park, David Morgenstern, Vera Brekhman, Gilad Yossifon, Jerri L. Bartholomew, Tamar Lotan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6a1afb43aaeb4ce0a6462bd5304d2c4c
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:6a1afb43aaeb4ce0a6462bd5304d2c4c
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6a1afb43aaeb4ce0a6462bd5304d2c4c2021-12-02T12:32:53ZFunctional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism10.1038/s41598-017-09955-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6a1afb43aaeb4ce0a6462bd5304d2c4c2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09955-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Myxozoa is a diverse, speciose group of microscopic parasites, recently placed within the phylum Cnidaria. Myxozoans are highly reduced in size and complexity relative to free-living cnidarians, yet they have retained specialized organelles known as polar capsules, akin to the nematocyst stinging capsules of free-living species. Whereas in free-living cnidarians the stinging capsules are used for prey capture or defense, in myxozoans they have the essential function of initiating the host infection process. To explore the evolutionary adaptation of polar capsules to parasitism, we used as a model organism Ceratonova shasta, which causes lethal disease in salmonids. Here, we report the first isolation of C. shasta myxospore polar capsules using a tailored dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic chip. Using electron microscopy and functional analysis we demonstrated that C. shasta tubules have no openings and are likely used to anchor the spore to the host. Proteomic analysis of C. shasta polar capsules suggested that they have retained typical structural and housekeeping proteins found in nematocysts of jellyfish, sea anemones and Hydra, but have lost the most important functional group in nematocysts, namely toxins. Our findings support the hypothesis that polar capsules and nematocysts are homologous organelles, which have adapted to their distinct functions.Gadi PiriatinskiyStephen D. AtkinsonSinwook ParkDavid MorgensternVera BrekhmanGilad YossifonJerri L. BartholomewTamar LotanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gadi Piriatinskiy Stephen D. Atkinson Sinwook Park David Morgenstern Vera Brekhman Gilad Yossifon Jerri L. Bartholomew Tamar Lotan Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
description	Abstract Myxozoa is a diverse, speciose group of microscopic parasites, recently placed within the phylum Cnidaria. Myxozoans are highly reduced in size and complexity relative to free-living cnidarians, yet they have retained specialized organelles known as polar capsules, akin to the nematocyst stinging capsules of free-living species. Whereas in free-living cnidarians the stinging capsules are used for prey capture or defense, in myxozoans they have the essential function of initiating the host infection process. To explore the evolutionary adaptation of polar capsules to parasitism, we used as a model organism Ceratonova shasta, which causes lethal disease in salmonids. Here, we report the first isolation of C. shasta myxospore polar capsules using a tailored dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic chip. Using electron microscopy and functional analysis we demonstrated that C. shasta tubules have no openings and are likely used to anchor the spore to the host. Proteomic analysis of C. shasta polar capsules suggested that they have retained typical structural and housekeeping proteins found in nematocysts of jellyfish, sea anemones and Hydra, but have lost the most important functional group in nematocysts, namely toxins. Our findings support the hypothesis that polar capsules and nematocysts are homologous organelles, which have adapted to their distinct functions.
format	article
author	Gadi Piriatinskiy Stephen D. Atkinson Sinwook Park David Morgenstern Vera Brekhman Gilad Yossifon Jerri L. Bartholomew Tamar Lotan
author_facet	Gadi Piriatinskiy Stephen D. Atkinson Sinwook Park David Morgenstern Vera Brekhman Gilad Yossifon Jerri L. Bartholomew Tamar Lotan
author_sort	Gadi Piriatinskiy
title	Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
title_short	Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
title_full	Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
title_fullStr	Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
title_full_unstemmed	Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
title_sort	functional and proteomic analysis of ceratonova shasta (cnidaria: myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/6a1afb43aaeb4ce0a6462bd5304d2c4c
work_keys_str_mv	AT gadipiriatinskiy functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT stephendatkinson functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT sinwookpark functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT davidmorgenstern functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT verabrekhman functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT giladyossifon functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT jerrilbartholomew functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism AT tamarlotan functionalandproteomicanalysisofceratonovashastacnidariamyxozoapolarcapsulesrevealsadaptationstoparasitism
_version_	1718393924690640896

Functional and proteomic analysis of Ceratonova shasta (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) polar capsules reveals adaptations to parasitism

Ejemplares similares