COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, several illnesses were reduced. In Japan, heat-related illnesses were reduced by 22% compared to pre-pandemic period. However, it is uncertain as to what has led to this reduction. Here, we model the association of maximum temperature and heat-relate...

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Autores principales:	Xerxes Seposo, Lina Madaniyazi, Chris Fook Sheng Ng, Masahiro Hashizume, Yasushi Honda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 Heat-related illness Ambulance transport Effect modification Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene RC963-969 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6a272d4d5f634caea99b59051d58a2a0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6a272d4d5f634caea99b59051d58a2a02021-12-05T12:20:56ZCOVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study10.1186/s12940-021-00808-w1476-069Xhttps://doaj.org/article/6a272d4d5f634caea99b59051d58a2a02021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00808-whttps://doaj.org/toc/1476-069XAbstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, several illnesses were reduced. In Japan, heat-related illnesses were reduced by 22% compared to pre-pandemic period. However, it is uncertain as to what has led to this reduction. Here, we model the association of maximum temperature and heat-related illnesses in the 47 Japanese prefectures. We specifically examined how the exposure and lag associations varied before and during the pandemic. Methods We obtained the summer-specific, daily heat-related illness ambulance transport (HIAT), exposure variable (maximum temperature) and covariate data from relevant data sources. We utilized a stratified (pre-pandemic and pandemic), two-stage approach. In each stratified group, we estimated the 1) prefecture-level association using a quasi-Poisson regression coupled with a distributed lag non-linear model, which was 2) pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The difference between pooled pre-pandemic and pandemic associations was examined across the exposure and the lag dimensions. Results A total of 321,655 HIAT cases was recorded in Japan from 2016 to 2020. We found an overall reduction of heat-related risks for HIAT during the pandemic, with a wide range of reduction (10.85 to 57.47%) in the HIAT risk, across exposure levels ranging from 21.69 °C to 36.31 °C. On the contrary, we found an increment in the delayed heat-related risks during the pandemic at Lag 2 (16.33%; 95% CI: 1.00, 33.98%). Conclusion This study provides evidence of the impact of COVID-19, particularly on the possible roles of physical interventions and behavioral changes, in modifying the temperature-health association. These findings would have implications on subsequent policies or heat-related warning strategies in light of ongoing or future pandemics.Xerxes SeposoLina MadaniyaziChris Fook Sheng NgMasahiro HashizumeYasushi HondaBMCarticleCOVID-19Heat-related illnessAmbulance transportEffect modificationIndustrial medicine. Industrial hygieneRC963-969Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENEnvironmental Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 Heat-related illness Ambulance transport Effect modification Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene RC963-969 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	COVID-19 Heat-related illness Ambulance transport Effect modification Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene RC963-969 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Xerxes Seposo Lina Madaniyazi Chris Fook Sheng Ng Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
description	Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, several illnesses were reduced. In Japan, heat-related illnesses were reduced by 22% compared to pre-pandemic period. However, it is uncertain as to what has led to this reduction. Here, we model the association of maximum temperature and heat-related illnesses in the 47 Japanese prefectures. We specifically examined how the exposure and lag associations varied before and during the pandemic. Methods We obtained the summer-specific, daily heat-related illness ambulance transport (HIAT), exposure variable (maximum temperature) and covariate data from relevant data sources. We utilized a stratified (pre-pandemic and pandemic), two-stage approach. In each stratified group, we estimated the 1) prefecture-level association using a quasi-Poisson regression coupled with a distributed lag non-linear model, which was 2) pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The difference between pooled pre-pandemic and pandemic associations was examined across the exposure and the lag dimensions. Results A total of 321,655 HIAT cases was recorded in Japan from 2016 to 2020. We found an overall reduction of heat-related risks for HIAT during the pandemic, with a wide range of reduction (10.85 to 57.47%) in the HIAT risk, across exposure levels ranging from 21.69 °C to 36.31 °C. On the contrary, we found an increment in the delayed heat-related risks during the pandemic at Lag 2 (16.33%; 95% CI: 1.00, 33.98%). Conclusion This study provides evidence of the impact of COVID-19, particularly on the possible roles of physical interventions and behavioral changes, in modifying the temperature-health association. These findings would have implications on subsequent policies or heat-related warning strategies in light of ongoing or future pandemics.
format	article
author	Xerxes Seposo Lina Madaniyazi Chris Fook Sheng Ng Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda
author_facet	Xerxes Seposo Lina Madaniyazi Chris Fook Sheng Ng Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda
author_sort	Xerxes Seposo
title	COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
title_short	COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
title_full	COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
title_fullStr	COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
title_full_unstemmed	COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study
title_sort	covid-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in japan: a nationwide observational study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6a272d4d5f634caea99b59051d58a2a0
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COVID-19 pandemic modifies temperature and heat-related illness ambulance transport association in Japan: a nationwide observational study

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