Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation

Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a bioelectronic therapy for disorders of the brain and peripheral organs, and a tool to study the physiology of autonomic circuits. Selective activation of afferent or efferent vagal fibers can maximize efficacy and minimize off-target effects of VNS. Anodal...

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Autores principales:	Umair Ahmed, Yao-Chuan Chang, Marina Cracchiolo, Maria F. Lopez, Jacquelyn N. Tomaio, Timir Datta-Chaudhuri, Theodoros P. Zanos, Loren Rieth, Yousef Al-Abed, Stavros Zanos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6a3f77df349246d2b008b027fc41687e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6a3f77df349246d2b008b027fc41687e2021-12-02T17:52:24ZAnodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation10.1038/s41598-020-66332-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6a3f77df349246d2b008b027fc41687e2020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66332-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a bioelectronic therapy for disorders of the brain and peripheral organs, and a tool to study the physiology of autonomic circuits. Selective activation of afferent or efferent vagal fibers can maximize efficacy and minimize off-target effects of VNS. Anodal block (ABL) has been used to achieve directional fiber activation in nerve stimulation. However, evidence for directional VNS with ABL has been scarce and inconsistent, and it is unknown whether ABL permits directional fiber activation with respect to functional effects of VNS. Through a series of vagotomies, we established physiological markers for afferent and efferent fiber activation by VNS: stimulus-elicited change in breathing rate (ΔBR) and heart rate (ΔHR), respectively. Bipolar VNS trains of both polarities elicited mixed ΔHR and ΔBR responses. Cathode cephalad polarity caused an afferent pattern of responses (relatively stronger ΔBR) whereas cathode caudad caused an efferent pattern (stronger ΔHR). Additionally, left VNS elicited a greater afferent and right VNS a greater efferent response. By analyzing stimulus-evoked compound nerve potentials, we confirmed that such polarity differences in functional responses to VNS can be explained by ABL of A- and B-fiber activation. We conclude that ABL is a mechanism that can be leveraged for directional VNS.Umair AhmedYao-Chuan ChangMarina CracchioloMaria F. LopezJacquelyn N. TomaioTimir Datta-ChaudhuriTheodoros P. ZanosLoren RiethYousef Al-AbedStavros ZanosNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Umair Ahmed Yao-Chuan Chang Marina Cracchiolo Maria F. Lopez Jacquelyn N. Tomaio Timir Datta-Chaudhuri Theodoros P. Zanos Loren Rieth Yousef Al-Abed Stavros Zanos Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
description	Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a bioelectronic therapy for disorders of the brain and peripheral organs, and a tool to study the physiology of autonomic circuits. Selective activation of afferent or efferent vagal fibers can maximize efficacy and minimize off-target effects of VNS. Anodal block (ABL) has been used to achieve directional fiber activation in nerve stimulation. However, evidence for directional VNS with ABL has been scarce and inconsistent, and it is unknown whether ABL permits directional fiber activation with respect to functional effects of VNS. Through a series of vagotomies, we established physiological markers for afferent and efferent fiber activation by VNS: stimulus-elicited change in breathing rate (ΔBR) and heart rate (ΔHR), respectively. Bipolar VNS trains of both polarities elicited mixed ΔHR and ΔBR responses. Cathode cephalad polarity caused an afferent pattern of responses (relatively stronger ΔBR) whereas cathode caudad caused an efferent pattern (stronger ΔHR). Additionally, left VNS elicited a greater afferent and right VNS a greater efferent response. By analyzing stimulus-evoked compound nerve potentials, we confirmed that such polarity differences in functional responses to VNS can be explained by ABL of A- and B-fiber activation. We conclude that ABL is a mechanism that can be leveraged for directional VNS.
format	article
author	Umair Ahmed Yao-Chuan Chang Marina Cracchiolo Maria F. Lopez Jacquelyn N. Tomaio Timir Datta-Chaudhuri Theodoros P. Zanos Loren Rieth Yousef Al-Abed Stavros Zanos
author_facet	Umair Ahmed Yao-Chuan Chang Marina Cracchiolo Maria F. Lopez Jacquelyn N. Tomaio Timir Datta-Chaudhuri Theodoros P. Zanos Loren Rieth Yousef Al-Abed Stavros Zanos
author_sort	Umair Ahmed
title	Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
title_short	Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
title_full	Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
title_fullStr	Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
title_full_unstemmed	Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
title_sort	anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/6a3f77df349246d2b008b027fc41687e
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Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation

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