The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.

Lactase persistence (LP) is common among people of European ancestry, but with the exception of some African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian groups, is rare or absent elsewhere in the world. Lactase gene haplotype conservation around a polymorphism strongly associated with LP in Europeans (-13,91...

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Autores principales:	Yuval Itan, Adam Powell, Mark A Beaumont, Joachim Burger, Mark G Thomas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6a59a5e9feff48a9b775bf841782e9d0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6a59a5e9feff48a9b775bf841782e9d02021-11-25T05:42:12ZThe origins of lactase persistence in Europe.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1000491https://doaj.org/article/6a59a5e9feff48a9b775bf841782e9d02009-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19714206/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Lactase persistence (LP) is common among people of European ancestry, but with the exception of some African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian groups, is rare or absent elsewhere in the world. Lactase gene haplotype conservation around a polymorphism strongly associated with LP in Europeans (-13,910 C/T) indicates that the derived allele is recent in origin and has been subject to strong positive selection. Furthermore, ancient DNA work has shown that the--13,910T (derived) allele was very rare or absent in early Neolithic central Europeans. It is unlikely that LP would provide a selective advantage without a supply of fresh milk, and this has lead to a gene-culture coevolutionary model where lactase persistence is only favoured in cultures practicing dairying, and dairying is more favoured in lactase persistent populations. We have developed a flexible demic computer simulation model to explore the spread of lactase persistence, dairying, other subsistence practices and unlinked genetic markers in Europe and western Asia's geographic space. Using data on--13,910T allele frequency and farming arrival dates across Europe, and approximate Bayesian computation to estimate parameters of interest, we infer that the--13,910*T allele first underwent selection among dairying farmers around 7,500 years ago in a region between the central Balkans and central Europe, possibly in association with the dissemination of the Neolithic Linearbandkeramik culture over Central Europe. Furthermore, our results suggest that natural selection favouring a lactase persistence allele was not higher in northern latitudes through an increased requirement for dietary vitamin D. Our results provide a coherent and spatially explicit picture of the coevolution of lactase persistence and dairying in Europe.Yuval ItanAdam PowellMark A BeaumontJoachim BurgerMark G ThomasPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e1000491 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Yuval Itan Adam Powell Mark A Beaumont Joachim Burger Mark G Thomas The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
description	Lactase persistence (LP) is common among people of European ancestry, but with the exception of some African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian groups, is rare or absent elsewhere in the world. Lactase gene haplotype conservation around a polymorphism strongly associated with LP in Europeans (-13,910 C/T) indicates that the derived allele is recent in origin and has been subject to strong positive selection. Furthermore, ancient DNA work has shown that the--13,910T (derived) allele was very rare or absent in early Neolithic central Europeans. It is unlikely that LP would provide a selective advantage without a supply of fresh milk, and this has lead to a gene-culture coevolutionary model where lactase persistence is only favoured in cultures practicing dairying, and dairying is more favoured in lactase persistent populations. We have developed a flexible demic computer simulation model to explore the spread of lactase persistence, dairying, other subsistence practices and unlinked genetic markers in Europe and western Asia's geographic space. Using data on--13,910T allele frequency and farming arrival dates across Europe, and approximate Bayesian computation to estimate parameters of interest, we infer that the--13,910*T allele first underwent selection among dairying farmers around 7,500 years ago in a region between the central Balkans and central Europe, possibly in association with the dissemination of the Neolithic Linearbandkeramik culture over Central Europe. Furthermore, our results suggest that natural selection favouring a lactase persistence allele was not higher in northern latitudes through an increased requirement for dietary vitamin D. Our results provide a coherent and spatially explicit picture of the coevolution of lactase persistence and dairying in Europe.
format	article
author	Yuval Itan Adam Powell Mark A Beaumont Joachim Burger Mark G Thomas
author_facet	Yuval Itan Adam Powell Mark A Beaumont Joachim Burger Mark G Thomas
author_sort	Yuval Itan
title	The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
title_short	The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
title_full	The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
title_fullStr	The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
title_full_unstemmed	The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.
title_sort	origins of lactase persistence in europe.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/6a59a5e9feff48a9b775bf841782e9d0
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The origins of lactase persistence in Europe.

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