Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?

Abstract Species responses to environmental change are likely to depend on existing genetic and phenotypic variation, as well as evolutionary potential. A key challenge is to determine whether gene flow might facilitate or impede genomic divergence among populations responding to environmental chang...

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Autores principales:	Rachel A. Slatyer, Sean D. Schoville, César R. Nufio, Lauren B. Buckley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2020
Materias:	climate change elevational gradient gene flow local adaptation population genetics Rocky Mountains Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6a9c68d7d9b9407aa050bc254277f335
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6a9c68d7d9b9407aa050bc254277f3352021-11-04T13:06:10ZDo different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?2045-775810.1002/ece3.5961https://doaj.org/article/6a9c68d7d9b9407aa050bc254277f3352020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5961https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Species responses to environmental change are likely to depend on existing genetic and phenotypic variation, as well as evolutionary potential. A key challenge is to determine whether gene flow might facilitate or impede genomic divergence among populations responding to environmental change, and if emergent phenotypic variation is dependent on gene flow rates. A general expectation is that patterns of genetic differentiation in a set of codistributed species reflect differences in dispersal ability. In less dispersive species, we predict greater genetic divergence and reduced gene flow. This could lead to covariation in life‐history traits due to local adaptation, although plasticity or drift could mirror these patterns. We compare genome‐wide patterns of genetic structure in four phenotypically variable grasshopper species along a steep elevation gradient near Boulder, Colorado, and test the hypothesis that genomic differentiation is greater in short‐winged grasshopper species, and statistically associated with variation in growth, reproductive, and physiological traits along this gradient. In addition, we estimate rates of gene flow under competing demographic models, as well as potential gene flow through surveys of phenological overlap among populations within a species. All species exhibit genetic structure along the elevation gradient and limited gene flow. The most pronounced genetic divergence appears in short‐winged (less dispersive) species, which also exhibit less phenological overlap among populations. A high‐elevation population of the most widespread species, Melanoplus sanguinipes, appears to be a sink population derived from low elevation populations. While dispersal ability has a clear connection to the genetic structure in different species, genetic distance does not predict growth, reproductive, or physiological trait variation in any species, requiring further investigation to clearly link phenotypic divergence to local adaptation.Rachel A. SlatyerSean D. SchovilleCésar R. NufioLauren B. BuckleyWileyarticleclimate changeelevational gradientgene flowlocal adaptationpopulation geneticsRocky MountainsEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 980-997 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	climate change elevational gradient gene flow local adaptation population genetics Rocky Mountains Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	climate change elevational gradient gene flow local adaptation population genetics Rocky Mountains Ecology QH540-549.5 Rachel A. Slatyer Sean D. Schoville César R. Nufio Lauren B. Buckley Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
description	Abstract Species responses to environmental change are likely to depend on existing genetic and phenotypic variation, as well as evolutionary potential. A key challenge is to determine whether gene flow might facilitate or impede genomic divergence among populations responding to environmental change, and if emergent phenotypic variation is dependent on gene flow rates. A general expectation is that patterns of genetic differentiation in a set of codistributed species reflect differences in dispersal ability. In less dispersive species, we predict greater genetic divergence and reduced gene flow. This could lead to covariation in life‐history traits due to local adaptation, although plasticity or drift could mirror these patterns. We compare genome‐wide patterns of genetic structure in four phenotypically variable grasshopper species along a steep elevation gradient near Boulder, Colorado, and test the hypothesis that genomic differentiation is greater in short‐winged grasshopper species, and statistically associated with variation in growth, reproductive, and physiological traits along this gradient. In addition, we estimate rates of gene flow under competing demographic models, as well as potential gene flow through surveys of phenological overlap among populations within a species. All species exhibit genetic structure along the elevation gradient and limited gene flow. The most pronounced genetic divergence appears in short‐winged (less dispersive) species, which also exhibit less phenological overlap among populations. A high‐elevation population of the most widespread species, Melanoplus sanguinipes, appears to be a sink population derived from low elevation populations. While dispersal ability has a clear connection to the genetic structure in different species, genetic distance does not predict growth, reproductive, or physiological trait variation in any species, requiring further investigation to clearly link phenotypic divergence to local adaptation.
format	article
author	Rachel A. Slatyer Sean D. Schoville César R. Nufio Lauren B. Buckley
author_facet	Rachel A. Slatyer Sean D. Schoville César R. Nufio Lauren B. Buckley
author_sort	Rachel A. Slatyer
title	Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
title_short	Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
title_full	Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
title_fullStr	Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
title_full_unstemmed	Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
title_sort	do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/6a9c68d7d9b9407aa050bc254277f335
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Do different rates of gene flow underlie variation in phenotypic and phenological clines in a montane grasshopper community?

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