Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

This article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A tot...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin Doglas, Richard Kimwaga, Aloyce Mayo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	dewaterability dewatering time faecal sludge physical-chemical predictors Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d12
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d122021-11-05T21:16:49ZVariability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania1751-231X10.2166/wpt.2021.052https://doaj.org/article/6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d122021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/16/4/1182https://doaj.org/toc/1751-231XThis article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A total of 120 samples were collected and analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons in April and July 2019, respectively, to capture seasonal variability. FS from pit latrines (PT) took longer to dewater followed by mixer containments, while soak-away sludge (SO) took a relatively short time to dewater. Also, FS from PT was found to have a high amount of settled solids, hence high % of TS in dry cakes. Slow dewatering and turbid supernatant corresponded to high pH, electrical conductivity and total solids, but cake solids after dewatering were correlated with total solids of FS. The FS dewaterability was higher for SO (DI = 0.9) and least for PT (DI = 0.3). Seasonal variability of FS dewaterability within the containments was higher for PT (DI = 0.74) and least for SO (DI = 0.5). Planning of FS treatment plants including sizing and design for effective dewatering performance, variation of physical-chemical dewatering predictors in sources and season could provide a relatively low-cost way to predict dewatering performance. HIGHLIGHTS Variability of FS characteristics from different containments.; Seasonal variability of FS within the containment.; Dewaterability potential of FS.; Variation of dewaterability potential of FS among and within containments.; The containment type and seasonal variation influenced the treatment of FS.;Benjamin DoglasRichard KimwagaAloyce MayoIWA Publishingarticledewaterabilitydewatering timefaecal sludgephysical-chemical predictorsEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Practice and Technology, Vol 16, Iss 4, Pp 1182-1193 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dewaterability dewatering time faecal sludge physical-chemical predictors Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	dewaterability dewatering time faecal sludge physical-chemical predictors Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
description	This article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A total of 120 samples were collected and analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons in April and July 2019, respectively, to capture seasonal variability. FS from pit latrines (PT) took longer to dewater followed by mixer containments, while soak-away sludge (SO) took a relatively short time to dewater. Also, FS from PT was found to have a high amount of settled solids, hence high % of TS in dry cakes. Slow dewatering and turbid supernatant corresponded to high pH, electrical conductivity and total solids, but cake solids after dewatering were correlated with total solids of FS. The FS dewaterability was higher for SO (DI = 0.9) and least for PT (DI = 0.3). Seasonal variability of FS dewaterability within the containments was higher for PT (DI = 0.74) and least for SO (DI = 0.5). Planning of FS treatment plants including sizing and design for effective dewatering performance, variation of physical-chemical dewatering predictors in sources and season could provide a relatively low-cost way to predict dewatering performance. HIGHLIGHTS Variability of FS characteristics from different containments.; Seasonal variability of FS within the containment.; Dewaterability potential of FS.; Variation of dewaterability potential of FS among and within containments.; The containment type and seasonal variation influenced the treatment of FS.;
format	article
author	Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo
author_facet	Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo
author_sort	Benjamin Doglas
title	Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
title_short	Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
title_full	Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
title_fullStr	Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed	Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
title_sort	variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in dar es salaam, tanzania
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d12
work_keys_str_mv	AT benjamindoglas variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania AT richardkimwaga variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania AT aloycemayo variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania
_version_	1718443985158012928

Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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