Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.

The microsporidium Nosema ceranae is a newly prevalent parasite of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera). Although this parasite is presently spreading across the world into its novel host, the mechanisms by it which affects the bees and how bees respond are not well understood. We therefore perfo...

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Autores principales: Claudia Dussaubat, Jean-Luc Brunet, Mariano Higes, John K Colbourne, Jacqueline Lopez, Jeong-Hyeon Choi, Raquel Martín-Hernández, Cristina Botías, Marianne Cousin, Cynthia McDonnell, Marc Bonnet, Luc P Belzunces, Robin F A Moritz, Yves Le Conte, Cédric Alaux
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:6ab0a169d73946e49e9ad79492626d452021-11-18T07:18:13ZGut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0037017https://doaj.org/article/6ab0a169d73946e49e9ad79492626d452012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22623972/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The microsporidium Nosema ceranae is a newly prevalent parasite of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera). Although this parasite is presently spreading across the world into its novel host, the mechanisms by it which affects the bees and how bees respond are not well understood. We therefore performed an extensive characterization of the parasite effects at the molecular level by using genetic and biochemical tools. The transcriptome modifications at the midgut level were characterized seven days post-infection with tiling microarrays. Then we tested the bee midgut response to infection by measuring activity of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes (superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase). At the gene-expression level, the bee midgut responded to N. ceranae infection by an increase in oxidative stress concurrent with the generation of antioxidant enzymes, defense and protective response specifically observed in the gut of mammals and insects. However, at the enzymatic level, the protective response was not confirmed, with only glutathione-S-transferase exhibiting a higher activity in infected bees. The oxidative stress was associated with a higher transcription of sugar transporter in the gut. Finally, a dramatic effect of the microsporidia infection was the inhibition of genes involved in the homeostasis and renewal of intestinal tissues (Wnt signaling pathway), a phenomenon that was confirmed at the histological level. This tissue degeneration and prevention of gut epithelium renewal may explain early bee death. In conclusion, our integrated approach not only gives new insights into the pathological effects of N. ceranae and the bee gut response, but also demonstrate that the honey bee gut is an interesting model system for studying host defense responses.Claudia DussaubatJean-Luc BrunetMariano HigesJohn K ColbourneJacqueline LopezJeong-Hyeon ChoiRaquel Martín-HernándezCristina BotíasMarianne CousinCynthia McDonnellMarc BonnetLuc P BelzuncesRobin F A MoritzYves Le ConteCédric AlauxPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 5, p e37017 (2012)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Claudia Dussaubat
Jean-Luc Brunet
Mariano Higes
John K Colbourne
Jacqueline Lopez
Jeong-Hyeon Choi
Raquel Martín-Hernández
Cristina Botías
Marianne Cousin
Cynthia McDonnell
Marc Bonnet
Luc P Belzunces
Robin F A Moritz
Yves Le Conte
Cédric Alaux
Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
description The microsporidium Nosema ceranae is a newly prevalent parasite of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera). Although this parasite is presently spreading across the world into its novel host, the mechanisms by it which affects the bees and how bees respond are not well understood. We therefore performed an extensive characterization of the parasite effects at the molecular level by using genetic and biochemical tools. The transcriptome modifications at the midgut level were characterized seven days post-infection with tiling microarrays. Then we tested the bee midgut response to infection by measuring activity of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes (superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase). At the gene-expression level, the bee midgut responded to N. ceranae infection by an increase in oxidative stress concurrent with the generation of antioxidant enzymes, defense and protective response specifically observed in the gut of mammals and insects. However, at the enzymatic level, the protective response was not confirmed, with only glutathione-S-transferase exhibiting a higher activity in infected bees. The oxidative stress was associated with a higher transcription of sugar transporter in the gut. Finally, a dramatic effect of the microsporidia infection was the inhibition of genes involved in the homeostasis and renewal of intestinal tissues (Wnt signaling pathway), a phenomenon that was confirmed at the histological level. This tissue degeneration and prevention of gut epithelium renewal may explain early bee death. In conclusion, our integrated approach not only gives new insights into the pathological effects of N. ceranae and the bee gut response, but also demonstrate that the honey bee gut is an interesting model system for studying host defense responses.
format article
author Claudia Dussaubat
Jean-Luc Brunet
Mariano Higes
John K Colbourne
Jacqueline Lopez
Jeong-Hyeon Choi
Raquel Martín-Hernández
Cristina Botías
Marianne Cousin
Cynthia McDonnell
Marc Bonnet
Luc P Belzunces
Robin F A Moritz
Yves Le Conte
Cédric Alaux
author_facet Claudia Dussaubat
Jean-Luc Brunet
Mariano Higes
John K Colbourne
Jacqueline Lopez
Jeong-Hyeon Choi
Raquel Martín-Hernández
Cristina Botías
Marianne Cousin
Cynthia McDonnell
Marc Bonnet
Luc P Belzunces
Robin F A Moritz
Yves Le Conte
Cédric Alaux
author_sort Claudia Dussaubat
title Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
title_short Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
title_full Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
title_fullStr Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
title_full_unstemmed Gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium Nosema ceranae in the honey bee Apis mellifera.
title_sort gut pathology and responses to the microsporidium nosema ceranae in the honey bee apis mellifera.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2012
url https://doaj.org/article/6ab0a169d73946e49e9ad79492626d45
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