Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden

Abstract Introduction Subjective well-being (SWB) is a contributing factor for building resilience and a resource for positive outcomes, e.g. study achievement and work performance. Earlier studies have examined associations between and prospective effects of personality traits on SWB, but few addre...

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Autores principales:	Regina Winzer, Marjan Vaez, Lene Lindberg, Kimmo Sorjonen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Subjective well-being (SWB) Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) WHO-5 well-being index (WHO-5) Big five inventory (BFI) Positive mental health Young people Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6ae77e9eb4d14a0bb609463eb1360cb9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6ae77e9eb4d14a0bb609463eb1360cb92021-11-08T10:58:16ZExploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden10.1186/s40359-021-00673-92050-7283https://doaj.org/article/6ae77e9eb4d14a0bb609463eb1360cb92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00673-9https://doaj.org/toc/2050-7283Abstract Introduction Subjective well-being (SWB) is a contributing factor for building resilience and a resource for positive outcomes, e.g. study achievement and work performance. Earlier studies have examined associations between and prospective effects of personality traits on SWB, but few addressed the role that SWB plays in formation of personality over time. The purpose of our study was to examine associations and prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa in a cohort sample of secondary school students in Sweden who completed self-reported measures of SWB and personality traits at baseline (N = 446, 76% females) and at 15–18 month follow-up (N = 283, 71% females). Methods SWB was defined and measured by the WHO-5 Well-being Index and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The Big Five Inventory was used to measure personality traits. Autoregressive models were used to analyse associations and potential prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa. Results Low levels of neuroticism and high levels of extraversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness were associated with high levels of SWB at baseline and follow-up. The association between SWB and neuroticism was notably strong. We found high statistically significant rank order stability across the two time points for all measures of personality traits with stability effects, derived from the autoregressive models, ranging from .199 for extraversion to .440 for neuroticism. Stability for SWB was statistically significant across the two time points and ranged from .182 for well-being to .353 for life satisfaction. SWB had a prospective effect on agreeableness only. None of the personality traits had any significant prospective effects on SWB. Conclusions The present findings indicate that although correlated, bidirectional prospective effects between personality traits and SWB could not be confirmed. Neuroticism displayed the strongest negative association with adolescents’ SWB. Schools are an appropriate setting to improve well-being, and allocating resources that reduce neuroticism is crucial, including structural interventions, policies for healthy school settings and teaching emotional regulation techniques.Regina WinzerMarjan VaezLene LindbergKimmo SorjonenBMCarticleSubjective well-being (SWB)Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS)WHO-5 well-being index (WHO-5)Big five inventory (BFI)Positive mental healthYoung peoplePsychologyBF1-990ENBMC Psychology, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Subjective well-being (SWB) Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) WHO-5 well-being index (WHO-5) Big five inventory (BFI) Positive mental health Young people Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	Subjective well-being (SWB) Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) WHO-5 well-being index (WHO-5) Big five inventory (BFI) Positive mental health Young people Psychology BF1-990 Regina Winzer Marjan Vaez Lene Lindberg Kimmo Sorjonen Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
description	Abstract Introduction Subjective well-being (SWB) is a contributing factor for building resilience and a resource for positive outcomes, e.g. study achievement and work performance. Earlier studies have examined associations between and prospective effects of personality traits on SWB, but few addressed the role that SWB plays in formation of personality over time. The purpose of our study was to examine associations and prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa in a cohort sample of secondary school students in Sweden who completed self-reported measures of SWB and personality traits at baseline (N = 446, 76% females) and at 15–18 month follow-up (N = 283, 71% females). Methods SWB was defined and measured by the WHO-5 Well-being Index and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The Big Five Inventory was used to measure personality traits. Autoregressive models were used to analyse associations and potential prospective effects of SWB on personality traits and vice versa. Results Low levels of neuroticism and high levels of extraversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness were associated with high levels of SWB at baseline and follow-up. The association between SWB and neuroticism was notably strong. We found high statistically significant rank order stability across the two time points for all measures of personality traits with stability effects, derived from the autoregressive models, ranging from .199 for extraversion to .440 for neuroticism. Stability for SWB was statistically significant across the two time points and ranged from .182 for well-being to .353 for life satisfaction. SWB had a prospective effect on agreeableness only. None of the personality traits had any significant prospective effects on SWB. Conclusions The present findings indicate that although correlated, bidirectional prospective effects between personality traits and SWB could not be confirmed. Neuroticism displayed the strongest negative association with adolescents’ SWB. Schools are an appropriate setting to improve well-being, and allocating resources that reduce neuroticism is crucial, including structural interventions, policies for healthy school settings and teaching emotional regulation techniques.
format	article
author	Regina Winzer Marjan Vaez Lene Lindberg Kimmo Sorjonen
author_facet	Regina Winzer Marjan Vaez Lene Lindberg Kimmo Sorjonen
author_sort	Regina Winzer
title	Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
title_short	Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
title_full	Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
title_fullStr	Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
title_full_unstemmed	Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden
title_sort	exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in sweden
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6ae77e9eb4d14a0bb609463eb1360cb9
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Exploring associations between subjective well-being and personality over a time span of 15–18 months: a cohort study of adolescents in Sweden

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