Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries

An increase in energy consumption indicates increased economic activity; whether it leads to prosperity depends on the sustainability and stability of the energy source. This study has selected the top ten highly carbon emitting countries to assess renewable energy consumption dynamics for 1991 to 2...

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Autores principales:	Sultan Salem, Noman Arshed, Ahsan Anwar, Mubasher Iqbal, Nyla Sattar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	environmental quality energy sustainability Panel ARDL Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6aea9bc1db274c1884d752639021657f
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:6aea9bc1db274c1884d752639021657f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6aea9bc1db274c1884d752639021657f2021-11-11T19:37:39ZRenewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries10.3390/su1321119302071-1050https://doaj.org/article/6aea9bc1db274c1884d752639021657f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11930https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050An increase in energy consumption indicates increased economic activity; whether it leads to prosperity depends on the sustainability and stability of the energy source. This study has selected the top ten highly carbon emitting countries to assess renewable energy consumption dynamics for 1991 to 2018. The development of renewable energy ventures is not an overnight transformation. Further, it also entails an infrastructure development gestation which may increase CO<sub>2</sub> emissions for the short term. To assess this non-linear pattern with CO<sub>2</sub> and its heterogeneities, renewable energy consumption and its three types (Wind, Solar and Hydropower) are used. The empirical results estimated with a pooled mean group (PMG) method indicate that renewable energy consumption and hydropower follows inverted U-shaped behavior, with wind and solar energy consumption behavior also U-shaped. Forest area and patents are responsible for carbon remissions, while economic growth is responsible for increasing carbon emissions in sampled countries.Sultan SalemNoman ArshedAhsan AnwarMubasher IqbalNyla SattarMDPI AGarticleenvironmental qualityenergy sustainabilityPanel ARDLEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11930, p 11930 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	environmental quality energy sustainability Panel ARDL Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	environmental quality energy sustainability Panel ARDL Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Sultan Salem Noman Arshed Ahsan Anwar Mubasher Iqbal Nyla Sattar Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
description	An increase in energy consumption indicates increased economic activity; whether it leads to prosperity depends on the sustainability and stability of the energy source. This study has selected the top ten highly carbon emitting countries to assess renewable energy consumption dynamics for 1991 to 2018. The development of renewable energy ventures is not an overnight transformation. Further, it also entails an infrastructure development gestation which may increase CO<sub>2</sub> emissions for the short term. To assess this non-linear pattern with CO<sub>2</sub> and its heterogeneities, renewable energy consumption and its three types (Wind, Solar and Hydropower) are used. The empirical results estimated with a pooled mean group (PMG) method indicate that renewable energy consumption and hydropower follows inverted U-shaped behavior, with wind and solar energy consumption behavior also U-shaped. Forest area and patents are responsible for carbon remissions, while economic growth is responsible for increasing carbon emissions in sampled countries.
format	article
author	Sultan Salem Noman Arshed Ahsan Anwar Mubasher Iqbal Nyla Sattar
author_facet	Sultan Salem Noman Arshed Ahsan Anwar Mubasher Iqbal Nyla Sattar
author_sort	Sultan Salem
title	Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
title_short	Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
title_full	Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
title_fullStr	Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
title_full_unstemmed	Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries
title_sort	renewable energy consumption and carbon emissions—testing nonlinearity for highly carbon emitting countries
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6aea9bc1db274c1884d752639021657f
work_keys_str_mv	AT sultansalem renewableenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissionstestingnonlinearityforhighlycarbonemittingcountries AT nomanarshed renewableenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissionstestingnonlinearityforhighlycarbonemittingcountries AT ahsananwar renewableenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissionstestingnonlinearityforhighlycarbonemittingcountries AT mubasheriqbal renewableenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissionstestingnonlinearityforhighlycarbonemittingcountries AT nylasattar renewableenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissionstestingnonlinearityforhighlycarbonemittingcountries
_version_	1718431471417425920

Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions—Testing Nonlinearity for Highly Carbon Emitting Countries

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