Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are the newest and one of the oldest global threats, respectively. In the COVID-19 era, due to the health system's focus on the COVID-19 epidemic, the national TB control program received less attention, leading to a worsening of...

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Autores principales:	Maryam Koupaei, Adel Naimi, Narges Moafi, Paria Mohammadi, Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaei, Soroosh Ghazizadeh, Mohsen Heidary, Saeed Khoshnood
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	tuberculosis COVID-19 review coinfection TB Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6af2e5cb05474a5e9b96121d3858e2eb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6af2e5cb05474a5e9b96121d3858e2eb2021-12-01T22:56:11ZClinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review2296-858X10.3389/fmed.2021.740593https://doaj.org/article/6af2e5cb05474a5e9b96121d3858e2eb2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.740593/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-858XIntroduction: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are the newest and one of the oldest global threats, respectively. In the COVID-19 era, due to the health system's focus on the COVID-19 epidemic, the national TB control program received less attention, leading to a worsening of the global TB epidemic. In this study, we will review the characteristics of TB patients coinfected with COVID-19.Material and Methods: Using Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases, a systematic search was performed. Case reports and case series on TB/COVID-19 coinfection published from January 1, 2019 to February 24, 2021 were collected. There were no limitations regarding publication language.Results: Eleven case series and 20 case reports were identified from 18 countries, with the majority them being from India (N = 6) and China (N = 4). Overall, 146 patients (114 men and 32 women) coinfected with TB and COVID-19 enrolled. Smoking (15.1%), diabetes (14.4%), and hypertension (8.9%) were the most frequent comorbidities among these patients. The COVID-19 patients with TB mainly suffered fever (78.8%), cough (63.7%), and respiratory distress (22.6%). Hydroxychloroquine (64.0%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (39.5%) were the most common treatments for them. The mortality rate was 13.0% and the rate of discharged patients was 87.0%.Conclusion: Global prevalence of COVID-19-related deaths is 6.6%. Our results showed that 13.0% of patients with TB/COVID-19 died. Thus, this study indicated that coinfection of TB and COVID-19 can increase the mortality. The respiratory symptoms of TB and COVID-19 are very similar, and this causes them to be misdiagnosed. In addition, TB is sometimes diagnosed later than COVID-19 and the severity of the disease worsens, especially in patients with underlying conditions. Therefore, patients with TB should be screened regularly in the COVID-19 era to prevent the spread of the TB/COVID-19 coinfection.Maryam KoupaeiAdel NaimiNarges MoafiParia MohammadiFaezeh Sadat TabatabaeiSoroosh GhazizadehMohsen HeidaryMohsen HeidarySaeed KhoshnoodFrontiers Media S.A.articletuberculosisCOVID-19reviewcoinfectionTBMedicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tuberculosis COVID-19 review coinfection TB Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	tuberculosis COVID-19 review coinfection TB Medicine (General) R5-920 Maryam Koupaei Adel Naimi Narges Moafi Paria Mohammadi Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaei Soroosh Ghazizadeh Mohsen Heidary Mohsen Heidary Saeed Khoshnood Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
description	Introduction: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) are the newest and one of the oldest global threats, respectively. In the COVID-19 era, due to the health system's focus on the COVID-19 epidemic, the national TB control program received less attention, leading to a worsening of the global TB epidemic. In this study, we will review the characteristics of TB patients coinfected with COVID-19.Material and Methods: Using Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases, a systematic search was performed. Case reports and case series on TB/COVID-19 coinfection published from January 1, 2019 to February 24, 2021 were collected. There were no limitations regarding publication language.Results: Eleven case series and 20 case reports were identified from 18 countries, with the majority them being from India (N = 6) and China (N = 4). Overall, 146 patients (114 men and 32 women) coinfected with TB and COVID-19 enrolled. Smoking (15.1%), diabetes (14.4%), and hypertension (8.9%) were the most frequent comorbidities among these patients. The COVID-19 patients with TB mainly suffered fever (78.8%), cough (63.7%), and respiratory distress (22.6%). Hydroxychloroquine (64.0%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (39.5%) were the most common treatments for them. The mortality rate was 13.0% and the rate of discharged patients was 87.0%.Conclusion: Global prevalence of COVID-19-related deaths is 6.6%. Our results showed that 13.0% of patients with TB/COVID-19 died. Thus, this study indicated that coinfection of TB and COVID-19 can increase the mortality. The respiratory symptoms of TB and COVID-19 are very similar, and this causes them to be misdiagnosed. In addition, TB is sometimes diagnosed later than COVID-19 and the severity of the disease worsens, especially in patients with underlying conditions. Therefore, patients with TB should be screened regularly in the COVID-19 era to prevent the spread of the TB/COVID-19 coinfection.
format	article
author	Maryam Koupaei Adel Naimi Narges Moafi Paria Mohammadi Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaei Soroosh Ghazizadeh Mohsen Heidary Mohsen Heidary Saeed Khoshnood
author_facet	Maryam Koupaei Adel Naimi Narges Moafi Paria Mohammadi Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaei Soroosh Ghazizadeh Mohsen Heidary Mohsen Heidary Saeed Khoshnood
author_sort	Maryam Koupaei
title	Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
title_short	Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
title_full	Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review
title_sort	clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and mortality rate of tb/covid-19 coinfectetd patients: a systematic review
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6af2e5cb05474a5e9b96121d3858e2eb
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Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mortality Rate of TB/COVID-19 Coinfectetd Patients: A Systematic Review

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