Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, aerosols, or direct contact with fomites from an infected subject. It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 is stable and viable in aerosol up to 16 h in controlled laboratory conditions...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Luisa Zupin, Sabina Licen, Margherita Milani, Libera Clemente, Lorenzo Martello, Sabrina Semeraro, Francesco Fontana, Maurizio Ruscio, Alessandro Miani, Sergio Crovella, Pierluigi Barbieri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	SARS-CoV-2 aerosol residual infectivity Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6b2357c97c0342fa9ae65d258033ec35
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:6b2357c97c0342fa9ae65d258033ec35
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6b2357c97c0342fa9ae65d258033ec352021-11-11T16:19:23ZEvaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting10.3390/ijerph1821111721660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/6b2357c97c0342fa9ae65d258033ec352021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11172https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, aerosols, or direct contact with fomites from an infected subject. It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 is stable and viable in aerosol up to 16 h in controlled laboratory conditions. However, the aerosolization conditions varied a lot between the studies. In this work, an experimental laboratory model of SARS-CoV-2 aerosolization was established, employing an impinger nebulizer, a cylindrical chamber for aerosol travel, and a SKC biosampler for the collection of particles. The efficiency of the system was assessed based on the molecular determination of the viral load in the nebulizer after the aerosolization and in the aerosol collected at the end of the travel. Moreover, the residual infectivity was tested in vitro on the Vero E6 cell line, through the observation of the cytopathic effect (CPE), and the quantification of the viral load in the supernatants at 7 days post inoculation (dpi). A high RNA viral load was found in the SKC biosampler after aerosolization, indicating that it was possible to transport a high virus titer through the 30-cm chamber with all the dilutions (initial 10<sup>5</sup>, 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>3</sup> plaque forming unit—PFU/mL). At the 7 dpi, an increment of the RNA viral load was determined for the dilutions 10<sup>5</sup> and 10<sup>4</sup> PFU/mL tested, while only the initial 10<sup>5</sup> PFU/mL resulted in visible CPE. Our findings allowed us to achieve the resilience of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol form, at a concentration comparable to those reported for clinical samples. This mode of transmission should be considered for the mitigation and preventive measures to counteract SARS-CoV-2 spreading.Luisa ZupinSabina LicenMargherita MilaniLibera ClementeLorenzo MartelloSabrina SemeraroFrancesco FontanaMaurizio RuscioAlessandro MianiSergio CrovellaPierluigi BarbieriMDPI AGarticleSARS-CoV-2aerosolresidual infectivityMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11172, p 11172 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SARS-CoV-2 aerosol residual infectivity Medicine R
spellingShingle	SARS-CoV-2 aerosol residual infectivity Medicine R Luisa Zupin Sabina Licen Margherita Milani Libera Clemente Lorenzo Martello Sabrina Semeraro Francesco Fontana Maurizio Ruscio Alessandro Miani Sergio Crovella Pierluigi Barbieri Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
description	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, aerosols, or direct contact with fomites from an infected subject. It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 is stable and viable in aerosol up to 16 h in controlled laboratory conditions. However, the aerosolization conditions varied a lot between the studies. In this work, an experimental laboratory model of SARS-CoV-2 aerosolization was established, employing an impinger nebulizer, a cylindrical chamber for aerosol travel, and a SKC biosampler for the collection of particles. The efficiency of the system was assessed based on the molecular determination of the viral load in the nebulizer after the aerosolization and in the aerosol collected at the end of the travel. Moreover, the residual infectivity was tested in vitro on the Vero E6 cell line, through the observation of the cytopathic effect (CPE), and the quantification of the viral load in the supernatants at 7 days post inoculation (dpi). A high RNA viral load was found in the SKC biosampler after aerosolization, indicating that it was possible to transport a high virus titer through the 30-cm chamber with all the dilutions (initial 10<sup>5</sup>, 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>3</sup> plaque forming unit—PFU/mL). At the 7 dpi, an increment of the RNA viral load was determined for the dilutions 10<sup>5</sup> and 10<sup>4</sup> PFU/mL tested, while only the initial 10<sup>5</sup> PFU/mL resulted in visible CPE. Our findings allowed us to achieve the resilience of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol form, at a concentration comparable to those reported for clinical samples. This mode of transmission should be considered for the mitigation and preventive measures to counteract SARS-CoV-2 spreading.
format	article
author	Luisa Zupin Sabina Licen Margherita Milani Libera Clemente Lorenzo Martello Sabrina Semeraro Francesco Fontana Maurizio Ruscio Alessandro Miani Sergio Crovella Pierluigi Barbieri
author_facet	Luisa Zupin Sabina Licen Margherita Milani Libera Clemente Lorenzo Martello Sabrina Semeraro Francesco Fontana Maurizio Ruscio Alessandro Miani Sergio Crovella Pierluigi Barbieri
author_sort	Luisa Zupin
title	Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
title_short	Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
title_full	Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting
title_sort	evaluation of residual infectivity after sars-cov-2 aerosol transmission in a controlled laboratory setting
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6b2357c97c0342fa9ae65d258033ec35
work_keys_str_mv	AT luisazupin evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT sabinalicen evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT margheritamilani evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT liberaclemente evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT lorenzomartello evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT sabrinasemeraro evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT francescofontana evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT maurizioruscio evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT alessandromiani evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT sergiocrovella evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting AT pierluigibarbieri evaluationofresidualinfectivityaftersarscov2aerosoltransmissioninacontrolledlaboratorysetting
_version_	1718432360171569152

Evaluation of Residual Infectivity after SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in a Controlled Laboratory Setting

Ejemplares similares