Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task

Abstract Sequence learning is the cognitive faculty enabling everyday skill acquisition. In the lab, it is typically measured in speed of response to sequential stimuli, whereby faster responses are taken to indicate improved anticipation. However, response speed is an indirect measure of anticipati...

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Autores principales:	Amir Tal, Ayala Bloch, Haggar Cohen-Dallal, Or Aviv, Simone Schwizer Ashkenazi, Moshe Bar, Eli Vakil
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6b481b94967848d0ae8fab8223b645fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6b481b94967848d0ae8fab8223b645fd2021-12-02T17:05:11ZOculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task10.1038/s41598-021-85842-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6b481b94967848d0ae8fab8223b645fd2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85842-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sequence learning is the cognitive faculty enabling everyday skill acquisition. In the lab, it is typically measured in speed of response to sequential stimuli, whereby faster responses are taken to indicate improved anticipation. However, response speed is an indirect measure of anticipation, that can provide only limited information on underlying processes. As a result, little is known about what is learned during sequence learning, and how that unfolds over time. In this work, eye movements that occurred before targets appeared on screen in an ocular serial reaction time (O-SRT) task provided an online indication of where participants anticipated upcoming targets. When analyzed in the context of the stimuli preceding them, oculomotor anticipations revealed several simultaneous learning processes. These processes influenced each other, as learning the task grammar facilitated acquisition of the target sequence. However, they were dissociable, as the grammar was similarly learned whether a repeating sequence inhabited the task or not. Individual differences were found in how the different learning processes progressed, allowing for similar performance to be produced for different latent reasons. This study provides new insights into the processes subserving sequence learning, and a new method for high-resolution study of it.Amir TalAyala BlochHaggar Cohen-DallalOr AvivSimone Schwizer AshkenaziMoshe BarEli VakilNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Amir Tal Ayala Bloch Haggar Cohen-Dallal Or Aviv Simone Schwizer Ashkenazi Moshe Bar Eli Vakil Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
description	Abstract Sequence learning is the cognitive faculty enabling everyday skill acquisition. In the lab, it is typically measured in speed of response to sequential stimuli, whereby faster responses are taken to indicate improved anticipation. However, response speed is an indirect measure of anticipation, that can provide only limited information on underlying processes. As a result, little is known about what is learned during sequence learning, and how that unfolds over time. In this work, eye movements that occurred before targets appeared on screen in an ocular serial reaction time (O-SRT) task provided an online indication of where participants anticipated upcoming targets. When analyzed in the context of the stimuli preceding them, oculomotor anticipations revealed several simultaneous learning processes. These processes influenced each other, as learning the task grammar facilitated acquisition of the target sequence. However, they were dissociable, as the grammar was similarly learned whether a repeating sequence inhabited the task or not. Individual differences were found in how the different learning processes progressed, allowing for similar performance to be produced for different latent reasons. This study provides new insights into the processes subserving sequence learning, and a new method for high-resolution study of it.
format	article
author	Amir Tal Ayala Bloch Haggar Cohen-Dallal Or Aviv Simone Schwizer Ashkenazi Moshe Bar Eli Vakil
author_facet	Amir Tal Ayala Bloch Haggar Cohen-Dallal Or Aviv Simone Schwizer Ashkenazi Moshe Bar Eli Vakil
author_sort	Amir Tal
title	Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
title_short	Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
title_full	Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
title_fullStr	Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
title_full_unstemmed	Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
title_sort	oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6b481b94967848d0ae8fab8223b645fd
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Oculomotor anticipation reveals a multitude of learning processes underlying the serial reaction time task

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