Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review

Laury Quaedackers,1 Sigrid Pillen,1 Sebastiaan Overeem2 1Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, the Netherlands; 2Biomedical Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the NetherlandsCorrespondence: Sebastiaan OvereemSleep Medicin...

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Autores principales:	Quaedackers L, Pillen S, Overeem S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	narcolepsy type 1 cataplexy screening diagnosis diagnostic delay polysomnography pediatrics. Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6b6ecc1d14dc44138b22f5f986cc9578
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6b6ecc1d14dc44138b22f5f986cc95782021-12-02T16:40:01ZRecognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/6b6ecc1d14dc44138b22f5f986cc95782021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/recognizing-the-symptom-spectrum-of-narcolepsy-to-improve-timely-diagn-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Laury Quaedackers,1 Sigrid Pillen,1 Sebastiaan Overeem2 1Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, the Netherlands; 2Biomedical Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the NetherlandsCorrespondence: Sebastiaan OvereemSleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Sterkselseweg 65, Heeze, VE, 5591, the NetherlandsTel +31 40 2279400Fax +31 40 2279399Email s.overeem@tue.nlAbstract: Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a strong negative impact on quality of life, especially when untreated. Diagnostic delay is a persistent problem, with obvious detrimental effects on patients. A diagnosis of narcolepsy may be delayed because of its broad symptom presentation which is much more encompassing than the classical “tetrad” of sleepiness, cataplexy, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Furthermore, symptoms can vary over time. Presentation of symptoms can also be markedly different between children and adults. Finally, common sleep-related comorbidities increase the risk of narcolepsy being masked by overlapping symptoms or treatment. In this review, we provide a detailed description of the broad and dynamic symptom spectrum of narcolepsy, with specific attention to the different manifestations in both adults and children. The overarching goal is to help not only sleep specialists, but general practitioners, pediatricians, and other caregivers with early recognition and prompt diagnosis of this severe but treatable disorder.Keywords: narcolepsy type 1, cataplexy, screening, diagnosis, diagnostic delay, polysomnography, pediatricsQuaedackers LPillen SOvereem SDove Medical Pressarticlenarcolepsy type 1cataplexyscreeningdiagnosisdiagnostic delaypolysomnographypediatrics.PsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1083-1096 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	narcolepsy type 1 cataplexy screening diagnosis diagnostic delay polysomnography pediatrics. Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	narcolepsy type 1 cataplexy screening diagnosis diagnostic delay polysomnography pediatrics. Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Quaedackers L Pillen S Overeem S Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
description	Laury Quaedackers,1 Sigrid Pillen,1 Sebastiaan Overeem2 1Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, the Netherlands; 2Biomedical Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the NetherlandsCorrespondence: Sebastiaan OvereemSleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Sterkselseweg 65, Heeze, VE, 5591, the NetherlandsTel +31 40 2279400Fax +31 40 2279399Email s.overeem@tue.nlAbstract: Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a strong negative impact on quality of life, especially when untreated. Diagnostic delay is a persistent problem, with obvious detrimental effects on patients. A diagnosis of narcolepsy may be delayed because of its broad symptom presentation which is much more encompassing than the classical “tetrad” of sleepiness, cataplexy, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Furthermore, symptoms can vary over time. Presentation of symptoms can also be markedly different between children and adults. Finally, common sleep-related comorbidities increase the risk of narcolepsy being masked by overlapping symptoms or treatment. In this review, we provide a detailed description of the broad and dynamic symptom spectrum of narcolepsy, with specific attention to the different manifestations in both adults and children. The overarching goal is to help not only sleep specialists, but general practitioners, pediatricians, and other caregivers with early recognition and prompt diagnosis of this severe but treatable disorder.Keywords: narcolepsy type 1, cataplexy, screening, diagnosis, diagnostic delay, polysomnography, pediatrics
format	article
author	Quaedackers L Pillen S Overeem S
author_facet	Quaedackers L Pillen S Overeem S
author_sort	Quaedackers L
title	Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
title_short	Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
title_full	Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr	Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed	Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review
title_sort	recognizing the symptom spectrum of narcolepsy to improve timely diagnosis: a narrative review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6b6ecc1d14dc44138b22f5f986cc9578
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Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review

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