Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis

Binta Sultan,1,2 Paul Benn,1 Laura Waters1 1Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 2Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, University College London, London, UK Abstract: The incidence of human immunodeficie...

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Autores principales:	Sultan B, Benn P, Waters L
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6b84243250dc491e8fb5c11927e78e3d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6b84243250dc491e8fb5c11927e78e3d2021-12-02T04:26:05ZCurrent perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/6b84243250dc491e8fb5c11927e78e3d2014-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/current-perspectives-in-hiv-post-exposure-prophylaxis-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373 Binta Sultan,1,2 Paul Benn,1 Laura Waters1 1Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 2Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, University College London, London, UK Abstract: The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to rise among core groups and efforts to reduce the numbers of new infections are being redoubled. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is the use of short-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce the risk of acquisition of HIV infection following exposure. Current guidelines recommend a 28-day course of ART within 36–72 hours of exposure to HIV. As long as individuals continue to be exposed to HIV there will be a role for PEP in the foreseeable future. Nonoccupational PEP, the vast majority of which is for sexual exposure (PEPSE), has a significant role to play in HIV prevention efforts. Awareness of PEP and its availability for both clinicians and those who are eligible to receive it are crucial to ensure that PEP is used to its full potential in any HIV prevention strategy. In this review, we provide current evidence for the use of PEPSE, assessment of the risk of HIV transmission, indications for PEP, drug regimens, and management of patients started on PEP. We summarize national and international guidelines for the use of PEPSE. We explore the place of PEP within the wider strategy of reducing HIV incidence rates in the era of treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis. We also consider the implications of recent data from interventional and observational studies demonstrating significant reductions in the risk of HIV transmission within a serodiscordant relationship if the HIV-positive partner is taking effective ART upon PEP guidelines. Keywords: post-exposure prophylaxis, pre-exposure prophylaxis, treatment as prevention, human immunodeficiency virusSultan BBenn PWaters LDove Medical PressarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 147-158 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Sultan B Benn P Waters L Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
description	Binta Sultan,1,2 Paul Benn,1 Laura Waters1 1Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Mortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 2Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, University College London, London, UK Abstract: The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to rise among core groups and efforts to reduce the numbers of new infections are being redoubled. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is the use of short-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce the risk of acquisition of HIV infection following exposure. Current guidelines recommend a 28-day course of ART within 36–72 hours of exposure to HIV. As long as individuals continue to be exposed to HIV there will be a role for PEP in the foreseeable future. Nonoccupational PEP, the vast majority of which is for sexual exposure (PEPSE), has a significant role to play in HIV prevention efforts. Awareness of PEP and its availability for both clinicians and those who are eligible to receive it are crucial to ensure that PEP is used to its full potential in any HIV prevention strategy. In this review, we provide current evidence for the use of PEPSE, assessment of the risk of HIV transmission, indications for PEP, drug regimens, and management of patients started on PEP. We summarize national and international guidelines for the use of PEPSE. We explore the place of PEP within the wider strategy of reducing HIV incidence rates in the era of treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis. We also consider the implications of recent data from interventional and observational studies demonstrating significant reductions in the risk of HIV transmission within a serodiscordant relationship if the HIV-positive partner is taking effective ART upon PEP guidelines. Keywords: post-exposure prophylaxis, pre-exposure prophylaxis, treatment as prevention, human immunodeficiency virus
format	article
author	Sultan B Benn P Waters L
author_facet	Sultan B Benn P Waters L
author_sort	Sultan B
title	Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
title_short	Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
title_full	Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
title_fullStr	Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
title_full_unstemmed	Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
title_sort	current perspectives in hiv post-exposure prophylaxis
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/6b84243250dc491e8fb5c11927e78e3d
work_keys_str_mv	AT sultanb currentperspectivesinhivpostexposureprophylaxis AT bennp currentperspectivesinhivpostexposureprophylaxis AT watersl currentperspectivesinhivpostexposureprophylaxis
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Current perspectives in HIV post-exposure prophylaxis

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