Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities

Thorsten R Doeppner, Dirk M HermannDepartment of Neurology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyAbstract: Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability in industrialized countries, and the only causal therapy for stroke comprises recombinant...

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Autores principales:	Thorsten R Doeppner, Dirk M Hermann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Cytology QH573-671
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6ba7767083c04c44beeb5d5766cfa71b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6ba7767083c04c44beeb5d5766cfa71b2021-12-02T07:01:56ZMesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities1178-6957https://doaj.org/article/6ba7767083c04c44beeb5d5766cfa71b2010-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/mesenchymal-stem-cells-in-the-treatment-of-ischemic-stroke-progress-an-a5640https://doaj.org/toc/1178-6957Thorsten R Doeppner, Dirk M HermannDepartment of Neurology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyAbstract: Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability in industrialized countries, and the only causal therapy for stroke comprises recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA)-mediated recanalization of the occluded vessel. New experimental strategies focus on neuroregenerative approaches, among which the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has gained increasing attention. MSCs, like other stem cells, have the capacity of unlimited self-renewal giving rise to differentiated cells from various cell lineages. Bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs are the most frequently used MSC type in experimental stroke studies. Application of BM-derived MSCs and, in some studies, transplantation of MSCs from other tissue sources resulted in an improved functional recovery in experimental animals, although stroke volumes were not always affected by MSC transplantation. The underlying precise mechanisms of this phenomenon remain elusive, although MSC transplantation is considered to affect many diverse events, eg, by modulating the inflammatory milieu, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and reducing glial scar formation. On the contrary, neuronal differentiation and integration of transplanted MSCs do not seem to affect stroke outcome significantly. On the basis of these preclinical studies, first clinical trials confirmed improved functional recovery in patients who had received BM-derived MSCs systemically, although the number of patients enrolled in these studies was low and there were no adequate control groups. In this review, we describe some fundamental biological characteristics of MSCs and further review some preclinical experimental studies, with special emphasis on BM-derived MSCs. We also review clinical trials in which MSCs have been used and conclude with a short outlook on the application of MSCs in stroke research.Keywords: bone marrow, cerebral ischemia, mesenchymal stem cells, stroke Thorsten R DoeppnerDirk M HermannDove Medical PressarticleCytologyQH573-671ENStem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 157-163 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cytology QH573-671
spellingShingle	Cytology QH573-671 Thorsten R Doeppner Dirk M Hermann Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
description	Thorsten R Doeppner, Dirk M HermannDepartment of Neurology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyAbstract: Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability in industrialized countries, and the only causal therapy for stroke comprises recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA)-mediated recanalization of the occluded vessel. New experimental strategies focus on neuroregenerative approaches, among which the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has gained increasing attention. MSCs, like other stem cells, have the capacity of unlimited self-renewal giving rise to differentiated cells from various cell lineages. Bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs are the most frequently used MSC type in experimental stroke studies. Application of BM-derived MSCs and, in some studies, transplantation of MSCs from other tissue sources resulted in an improved functional recovery in experimental animals, although stroke volumes were not always affected by MSC transplantation. The underlying precise mechanisms of this phenomenon remain elusive, although MSC transplantation is considered to affect many diverse events, eg, by modulating the inflammatory milieu, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and reducing glial scar formation. On the contrary, neuronal differentiation and integration of transplanted MSCs do not seem to affect stroke outcome significantly. On the basis of these preclinical studies, first clinical trials confirmed improved functional recovery in patients who had received BM-derived MSCs systemically, although the number of patients enrolled in these studies was low and there were no adequate control groups. In this review, we describe some fundamental biological characteristics of MSCs and further review some preclinical experimental studies, with special emphasis on BM-derived MSCs. We also review clinical trials in which MSCs have been used and conclude with a short outlook on the application of MSCs in stroke research.Keywords: bone marrow, cerebral ischemia, mesenchymal stem cells, stroke
format	article
author	Thorsten R Doeppner Dirk M Hermann
author_facet	Thorsten R Doeppner Dirk M Hermann
author_sort	Thorsten R Doeppner
title	Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
title_short	Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
title_full	Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
title_fullStr	Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
title_full_unstemmed	Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
title_sort	mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/6ba7767083c04c44beeb5d5766cfa71b
work_keys_str_mv	AT thorstenrdoeppner mesenchymalstemcellsinthetreatmentofischemicstrokeprogressandpossibilities AT dirkmhermann mesenchymalstemcellsinthetreatmentofischemicstrokeprogressandpossibilities
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Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke: progress and possibilities

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