A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet

<h4>Objective</h4> The 5:2 diet is a popular intermittent energy restriction method of weight management that awaits further evaluation. We compared the effects of one-off 5:2 instructions with the effects of one-off standard multicomponent weight-management advice; and also examined whe...

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Autores principales:	Peter Hajek, Dunja Przulj, Francesca Pesola, Hayden McRobbie, Sarrah Peerbux, Anna Phillips-Waller, Natalie Bisal, Katie Myers Smith
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6befa8fc6d83497caea5734a783357cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6befa8fc6d83497caea5734a783357cf2021-11-25T06:19:46ZA randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/6befa8fc6d83497caea5734a783357cf2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8598045/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4> The 5:2 diet is a popular intermittent energy restriction method of weight management that awaits further evaluation. We compared the effects of one-off 5:2 instructions with the effects of one-off standard multicomponent weight-management advice; and also examined whether additional behavioural support enhances 5:2 adherence and efficacy compared to one-off instructions. <h4>Methods</h4> Three hundred adults with obesity were randomised to receive a Standard Brief Advice (SBA) covering diet and physical activity (N = 100); 5:2 self-help instructions (5:2SH) (N = 100); or 5:2SH plus six once-weekly group support sessions (N = 100). Participants were followed up for one year. <h4>Results</h4> Adherence to 5:2SH was initially high (74% at 6 weeks), but it declined over time (31% at 6 months and 22% at one year). 5:2SH and SBA achieved similar weight-loss at six months (-1.8kg (SD = 3.5) vs -1.7kg (SD = 4.4); b = 0.23, 95%CI:-0.79–1.27, p = 0.7) and at one year (-1.9kg (SD = 4.9) vs -1.8kg (SD = 5.7), b = 0.20, 95%CI:-1.21–1.60, p = 0.79), with 18% vs 15% participants losing ≥5% of their body weight with 5:2SH and SBA, respectively at one year (RR = 0.83, 95%CI:0.44–1.54, p = 0.55). Both interventions received positive ratings, but 5:2SH ratings were significantly higher. 5:2SH had no negative effect on fat and fiber intake and physical activity compared to SBA. Compared to 5:2SH, 5:2G generated a greater weight loss at 6 weeks (-2.3kg vs -1.5kg; b = 0.74, 95%CI:1.37–0.11, p = 0.02), but by one year, the difference was no longer significant (-2.6kg vs -1.9kg, p = 0.37; ≥5% body weight loss 28% vs 18%, p = 0.10). <h4>Conclusions</h4> Simple 5:2 advice and multicomponent weight management advice generated similar modest results. The 5:2 diet did not undermine other health behaviours, and it received more favourable ratings. Adding initial group support enhanced 5:2 adherence and effects, but the impact diminished over time. Health professionals who provide brief weight management advice may consider including the 5:2 advice as an option. <h4>Trial registration</h4> ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN79408248).Peter HajekDunja PrzuljFrancesca PesolaHayden McRobbieSarrah PeerbuxAnna Phillips-WallerNatalie BisalKatie Myers SmithPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Peter Hajek Dunja Przulj Francesca Pesola Hayden McRobbie Sarrah Peerbux Anna Phillips-Waller Natalie Bisal Katie Myers Smith A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
description	<h4>Objective</h4> The 5:2 diet is a popular intermittent energy restriction method of weight management that awaits further evaluation. We compared the effects of one-off 5:2 instructions with the effects of one-off standard multicomponent weight-management advice; and also examined whether additional behavioural support enhances 5:2 adherence and efficacy compared to one-off instructions. <h4>Methods</h4> Three hundred adults with obesity were randomised to receive a Standard Brief Advice (SBA) covering diet and physical activity (N = 100); 5:2 self-help instructions (5:2SH) (N = 100); or 5:2SH plus six once-weekly group support sessions (N = 100). Participants were followed up for one year. <h4>Results</h4> Adherence to 5:2SH was initially high (74% at 6 weeks), but it declined over time (31% at 6 months and 22% at one year). 5:2SH and SBA achieved similar weight-loss at six months (-1.8kg (SD = 3.5) vs -1.7kg (SD = 4.4); b = 0.23, 95%CI:-0.79–1.27, p = 0.7) and at one year (-1.9kg (SD = 4.9) vs -1.8kg (SD = 5.7), b = 0.20, 95%CI:-1.21–1.60, p = 0.79), with 18% vs 15% participants losing ≥5% of their body weight with 5:2SH and SBA, respectively at one year (RR = 0.83, 95%CI:0.44–1.54, p = 0.55). Both interventions received positive ratings, but 5:2SH ratings were significantly higher. 5:2SH had no negative effect on fat and fiber intake and physical activity compared to SBA. Compared to 5:2SH, 5:2G generated a greater weight loss at 6 weeks (-2.3kg vs -1.5kg; b = 0.74, 95%CI:1.37–0.11, p = 0.02), but by one year, the difference was no longer significant (-2.6kg vs -1.9kg, p = 0.37; ≥5% body weight loss 28% vs 18%, p = 0.10). <h4>Conclusions</h4> Simple 5:2 advice and multicomponent weight management advice generated similar modest results. The 5:2 diet did not undermine other health behaviours, and it received more favourable ratings. Adding initial group support enhanced 5:2 adherence and effects, but the impact diminished over time. Health professionals who provide brief weight management advice may consider including the 5:2 advice as an option. <h4>Trial registration</h4> ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN79408248).
format	article
author	Peter Hajek Dunja Przulj Francesca Pesola Hayden McRobbie Sarrah Peerbux Anna Phillips-Waller Natalie Bisal Katie Myers Smith
author_facet	Peter Hajek Dunja Przulj Francesca Pesola Hayden McRobbie Sarrah Peerbux Anna Phillips-Waller Natalie Bisal Katie Myers Smith
author_sort	Peter Hajek
title	A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
title_short	A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
title_full	A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
title_fullStr	A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
title_full_unstemmed	A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
title_sort	randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6befa8fc6d83497caea5734a783357cf
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A randomised controlled trial of the 5:2 diet

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