Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles

Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles

Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San...

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Autores principales: Neva Çiftçioglu, Kaveh Vejdani, Olivia Lee, Grace Mathew, Katja M Aho, et al
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2008
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Medicine (General)
R5-920
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc2021-12-02T00:21:17ZAssociation between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc2008-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/association-between-randallrsquos-plaque-and-calcifying-nanoparticles-a744https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3University of Kuopio, Department of Biosciences/Biochemistry, Kuopio/Finland; 4Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa, FL, USA; 5National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USAObjectives: Randall initially described calcified subepithelial papillary plaques, which he hypothesized as nidi for urinary calculi. The discovery of calcifying nanoparticles (CNP), also referred to as nanobacteria, in calcified soft tissues has raised another hypothesis about their possible involvement in urinary stone formation. This research is the first attempt to investigate the potential association of these two hypotheses.Methods: We collected renal papilla and blood samples from 17 human patients who had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was applied using monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CNP. Homogenized papillary tissues and serum samples were cultured for CNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on papillary samples. Serum samples were tested for CNP antigen and antibody with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Randall’s plaques (RP) were visible on gross inspection in 11 out of 17 samples. IHS was positive for CNP antigen in 8 of the visually positive samples, but in only 1 of the remaining samples. SEM revealed spherical apatite-formations in 14 samples confirmed by EDS analysis. In cultures, all serum samples and 13 tissue homogenates grew CNP. In ELISA, 14 samples were positive for CNP-antigen and 11 samples were positive for CNP-antibody.Conclusion: There was evidence of a link between detection of CNP and presence of RP. Although causality was not demonstrated, these results suggest that further studies with negative control samples should be made to explore the etiology of RP formation, thus leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of stone formation.Keywords: calcifying nanoparticles, nanobacteria, Randall’s plaque, urinary stone Neva ÇiftçiogluKaveh VejdaniOlivia LeeGrace MathewKatja M Ahoet alDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2008, Iss Issue 1, Pp 105-115 (2008)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle Medicine (General)
R5-920
Neva Çiftçioglu
Kaveh Vejdani
Olivia Lee
Grace Mathew
Katja M Aho
et al
Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
description Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3University of Kuopio, Department of Biosciences/Biochemistry, Kuopio/Finland; 4Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa, FL, USA; 5National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USAObjectives: Randall initially described calcified subepithelial papillary plaques, which he hypothesized as nidi for urinary calculi. The discovery of calcifying nanoparticles (CNP), also referred to as nanobacteria, in calcified soft tissues has raised another hypothesis about their possible involvement in urinary stone formation. This research is the first attempt to investigate the potential association of these two hypotheses.Methods: We collected renal papilla and blood samples from 17 human patients who had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was applied using monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CNP. Homogenized papillary tissues and serum samples were cultured for CNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on papillary samples. Serum samples were tested for CNP antigen and antibody with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Randall’s plaques (RP) were visible on gross inspection in 11 out of 17 samples. IHS was positive for CNP antigen in 8 of the visually positive samples, but in only 1 of the remaining samples. SEM revealed spherical apatite-formations in 14 samples confirmed by EDS analysis. In cultures, all serum samples and 13 tissue homogenates grew CNP. In ELISA, 14 samples were positive for CNP-antigen and 11 samples were positive for CNP-antibody.Conclusion: There was evidence of a link between detection of CNP and presence of RP. Although causality was not demonstrated, these results suggest that further studies with negative control samples should be made to explore the etiology of RP formation, thus leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of stone formation.Keywords: calcifying nanoparticles, nanobacteria, Randall’s plaque, urinary stone
format article
author Neva Çiftçioglu
Kaveh Vejdani
Olivia Lee
Grace Mathew
Katja M Aho
et al
author_facet Neva Çiftçioglu
Kaveh Vejdani
Olivia Lee
Grace Mathew
Katja M Aho
et al
author_sort Neva Çiftçioglu
title Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
title_short Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
title_full Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
title_fullStr Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
title_sort association between randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2008
url https://doaj.org/article/6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc
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