The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse

Tom L Broderick,1 Marek Jankowski,2 Jolanta Gutkowska2 1Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Centre Hospitalier de l‘Université de&a...

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Autores principales:	Broderick TL, Jankowski M, Gutkowska J
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	running diabetes GATA4 oxytocin natriuretic peptides db/db Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6c28fe9606ee4ee49a380ca439021002
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6c28fe9606ee4ee49a380ca4390210022021-12-02T00:52:08ZThe effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/6c28fe9606ee4ee49a380ca4390210022017-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-effects-of-exercise-training-and-caloric-restriction-on-the-cardia-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Tom L Broderick,1 Marek Jankowski,2 Jolanta Gutkowska2 1Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Centre Hospitalier de l‘Université de Montréal-Hôtel-Dieu, Montréal, QC, Canada Background: Regular exercise training (ET) and caloric restriction (CR) are the frontline strategies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the aim at reducing cardiometabolic risk. ET and CR improve body weight and glycemic control, and experimental studies indicate that these paradigms afford cardioprotection. In this study, the effects of combined ET and CR on the cardioprotective oxytocin (OT)–natriuretic peptide (NP) system were determined in the db/db mouse, a model of type 2 diabetes associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and obesity. Methods: Five-week-old male db/db mice were assigned to the following groups: sedentary, ET, and ET + CR. Nonobese heterozygote littermates served as controls. ET was performed on a treadmill at moderate intensity, and CR was induced by reducing food intake by 30% of that consumed by sedentary db/db mice for a period of 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks, only ET + CR, but not ET, slightly improved body weight compared to sedentary db/db mice. Regardless of the treatment, db/db mice remained hyperglycemic. Hearts from db/db mice demonstrated reduced expression of genes linked to the cardiac OT–NP system. In fact, compared to control mice, mRNA expression of GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), OT receptor, OT, brain NP, NP receptor type C, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was decreased in hearts from sedentary db/db mice. Both ET alone and ET + CR increased the mRNA expression of GATA4 compared to sedentary db/db mice. Only ET combined with CR produced increased eNOS mRNA and protein expression. Conclusion: Our data indicate that enhancement of eNOS by combined ET and CR may improve coronary endothelial vasodilator dysfunction in type 2 diabetes but did not prevent the downregulation of cardiac expression in the OT–NP system, possibly resulting from the sustained hyperglycemia and obesity in diabetic mice. Keywords: running, diabetes, GATA4, oxytocin, natriuretic peptides, db/dbBroderick TLJankowski MGutkowska JDove Medical PressarticlerunningdiabetesGATA4oxytocinnatriuretic peptidesdb/dbSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 10, Pp 27-36 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	running diabetes GATA4 oxytocin natriuretic peptides db/db Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	running diabetes GATA4 oxytocin natriuretic peptides db/db Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Broderick TL Jankowski M Gutkowska J The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
description	Tom L Broderick,1 Marek Jankowski,2 Jolanta Gutkowska2 1Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Centre Hospitalier de l‘Université de Montréal-Hôtel-Dieu, Montréal, QC, Canada Background: Regular exercise training (ET) and caloric restriction (CR) are the frontline strategies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the aim at reducing cardiometabolic risk. ET and CR improve body weight and glycemic control, and experimental studies indicate that these paradigms afford cardioprotection. In this study, the effects of combined ET and CR on the cardioprotective oxytocin (OT)–natriuretic peptide (NP) system were determined in the db/db mouse, a model of type 2 diabetes associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and obesity. Methods: Five-week-old male db/db mice were assigned to the following groups: sedentary, ET, and ET + CR. Nonobese heterozygote littermates served as controls. ET was performed on a treadmill at moderate intensity, and CR was induced by reducing food intake by 30% of that consumed by sedentary db/db mice for a period of 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks, only ET + CR, but not ET, slightly improved body weight compared to sedentary db/db mice. Regardless of the treatment, db/db mice remained hyperglycemic. Hearts from db/db mice demonstrated reduced expression of genes linked to the cardiac OT–NP system. In fact, compared to control mice, mRNA expression of GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), OT receptor, OT, brain NP, NP receptor type C, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was decreased in hearts from sedentary db/db mice. Both ET alone and ET + CR increased the mRNA expression of GATA4 compared to sedentary db/db mice. Only ET combined with CR produced increased eNOS mRNA and protein expression. Conclusion: Our data indicate that enhancement of eNOS by combined ET and CR may improve coronary endothelial vasodilator dysfunction in type 2 diabetes but did not prevent the downregulation of cardiac expression in the OT–NP system, possibly resulting from the sustained hyperglycemia and obesity in diabetic mice. Keywords: running, diabetes, GATA4, oxytocin, natriuretic peptides, db/db
format	article
author	Broderick TL Jankowski M Gutkowska J
author_facet	Broderick TL Jankowski M Gutkowska J
author_sort	Broderick TL
title	The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
title_short	The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
title_full	The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
title_fullStr	The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
title_sort	effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/6c28fe9606ee4ee49a380ca439021002
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The effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the cardiac oxytocin natriuretic peptide system in the diabetic mouse

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