Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.

A major problem in biology is to understand how complex tissue shapes may arise through growth. In many cases this process involves preferential growth along particular orientations raising the question of how these orientations are specified. One view is that orientations are specified through stre...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Richard Kennaway, Enrico Coen, Amelia Green, Andrew Bangham
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6c2aff7d23364cfba1b69426b9c3bca5
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:6c2aff7d23364cfba1b69426b9c3bca5
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6c2aff7d23364cfba1b69426b9c3bca52021-11-18T05:50:29ZGeneration of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002071https://doaj.org/article/6c2aff7d23364cfba1b69426b9c3bca52011-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21698124/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358A major problem in biology is to understand how complex tissue shapes may arise through growth. In many cases this process involves preferential growth along particular orientations raising the question of how these orientations are specified. One view is that orientations are specified through stresses in the tissue (axiality-based system). Another possibility is that orientations can be specified independently of stresses through molecular signalling (polarity-based system). The axiality-based system has recently been explored through computational modelling. Here we develop and apply a polarity-based system which we call the Growing Polarised Tissue (GPT) framework. Tissue is treated as a continuous material within which regionally expressed factors under genetic control may interact and propagate. Polarity is established by signals that propagate through the tissue and is anchored in regions termed tissue polarity organisers that are also under genetic control. Rates of growth parallel or perpendicular to the local polarity may then be specified through a regulatory network. The resulting growth depends on how specified growth patterns interact within the constraints of mechanically connected tissue. This constraint leads to the emergence of features such as curvature that were not directly specified by the regulatory networks. Resultant growth feeds back to influence spatial arrangements and local orientations of tissue, allowing complex shapes to emerge from simple rules. Moreover, asymmetries may emerge through interactions between polarity fields. We illustrate the value of the GPT-framework for understanding morphogenesis by applying it to a growing Snapdragon flower and indicate how the underlying hypotheses may be tested by computational simulation. We propose that combinatorial intractions between orientations and rates of growth, which are a key feature of polarity-based systems, have been exploited during evolution to generate a range of observed biological shapes.Richard KennawayEnrico CoenAmelia GreenAndrew BanghamPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e1002071 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Richard Kennaway Enrico Coen Amelia Green Andrew Bangham Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
description	A major problem in biology is to understand how complex tissue shapes may arise through growth. In many cases this process involves preferential growth along particular orientations raising the question of how these orientations are specified. One view is that orientations are specified through stresses in the tissue (axiality-based system). Another possibility is that orientations can be specified independently of stresses through molecular signalling (polarity-based system). The axiality-based system has recently been explored through computational modelling. Here we develop and apply a polarity-based system which we call the Growing Polarised Tissue (GPT) framework. Tissue is treated as a continuous material within which regionally expressed factors under genetic control may interact and propagate. Polarity is established by signals that propagate through the tissue and is anchored in regions termed tissue polarity organisers that are also under genetic control. Rates of growth parallel or perpendicular to the local polarity may then be specified through a regulatory network. The resulting growth depends on how specified growth patterns interact within the constraints of mechanically connected tissue. This constraint leads to the emergence of features such as curvature that were not directly specified by the regulatory networks. Resultant growth feeds back to influence spatial arrangements and local orientations of tissue, allowing complex shapes to emerge from simple rules. Moreover, asymmetries may emerge through interactions between polarity fields. We illustrate the value of the GPT-framework for understanding morphogenesis by applying it to a growing Snapdragon flower and indicate how the underlying hypotheses may be tested by computational simulation. We propose that combinatorial intractions between orientations and rates of growth, which are a key feature of polarity-based systems, have been exploited during evolution to generate a range of observed biological shapes.
format	article
author	Richard Kennaway Enrico Coen Amelia Green Andrew Bangham
author_facet	Richard Kennaway Enrico Coen Amelia Green Andrew Bangham
author_sort	Richard Kennaway
title	Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
title_short	Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
title_full	Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
title_fullStr	Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
title_full_unstemmed	Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
title_sort	generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/6c2aff7d23364cfba1b69426b9c3bca5
work_keys_str_mv	AT richardkennaway generationofdiversebiologicalformsthroughcombinatorialinteractionsbetweentissuepolarityandgrowth AT enricocoen generationofdiversebiologicalformsthroughcombinatorialinteractionsbetweentissuepolarityandgrowth AT ameliagreen generationofdiversebiologicalformsthroughcombinatorialinteractionsbetweentissuepolarityandgrowth AT andrewbangham generationofdiversebiologicalformsthroughcombinatorialinteractionsbetweentissuepolarityandgrowth
_version_	1718424790922952704

Generation of diverse biological forms through combinatorial interactions between tissue polarity and growth.

Ejemplares similares