Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems

Song-Chou Hsieh,1 Chang-Youh Tsai,2 Chia-Li Yu3 1Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 2Section of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Institute...

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Autores principales:	Hsieh SC, Tsai CY, Yu CL
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	lupus nephritis anti-dsDNA antibodies serum biomarkers urine biomarkers Tamm-Horsfall protein Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6cac63d5fc884afeb7b42c432419d842
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6cac63d5fc884afeb7b42c432419d8422021-12-02T00:48:43ZPotential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems1179-156Xhttps://doaj.org/article/6cac63d5fc884afeb7b42c432419d8422016-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/potential-serum-and-urine-biomarkers-in-patients-with-lupus-nephritis--peer-reviewed-article-OARRRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-156XSong-Chou Hsieh,1 Chang-Youh Tsai,2 Chia-Li Yu3 1Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 2Section of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most frequent and serious complications in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmune-mediated inflammation in both renal glomerular and tubulointerstitial tissues is the major pathological finding of LN. In clinical practice, the elevated anti-dsDNA antibody titer concomitant with reduced complement C3 and C4 levels has become the predictive and disease-activity surrogate biomarkers in LN. However, more and more evidences suggest that autoantibodies other than anti-dsDNA antibodies, such as anti-nucleosome, anti-C1q, anti-C3b, anti-cardiolipin, anti-endothelial cell, anti-ribonuclear proteins, and anti-glomerular matrix (anti-actinin) antibodies, may also involve in LN. Researchers have demonstrated that the circulating preformed and in situ-formed immune complexes as well as the direct cytotoxic effects by those cross-reactive autoantibodies mediated kidney damage. On the other hand, many efforts had been made to find useful urine biomarkers for LN activity via measurement of immune-related mediators, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry proteomic signature, and assessment of mRNA and exosomal-derived microRNA from urine sediment cell. Our group had also devoted to this field with some novel findings. In this review, we briefly discuss the possible mechanisms of LN and try to figure out the potential serum and urine biomarkers in LN. Finally, some of the unsolved problems in this field are discussed. Keywords: anti-dsDNA antibodies, serum biomarkers, urine biomarkers, THPHsieh SCTsai CYYu CLDove Medical Pressarticlelupus nephritisanti-dsDNA antibodiesserum biomarkersurine biomarkersTamm-Horsfall proteinDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemRC925-935ENOpen Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews, Vol Volume 8, Pp 81-91 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lupus nephritis anti-dsDNA antibodies serum biomarkers urine biomarkers Tamm-Horsfall protein Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
spellingShingle	lupus nephritis anti-dsDNA antibodies serum biomarkers urine biomarkers Tamm-Horsfall protein Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935 Hsieh SC Tsai CY Yu CL Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
description	Song-Chou Hsieh,1 Chang-Youh Tsai,2 Chia-Li Yu3 1Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 2Section of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most frequent and serious complications in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmune-mediated inflammation in both renal glomerular and tubulointerstitial tissues is the major pathological finding of LN. In clinical practice, the elevated anti-dsDNA antibody titer concomitant with reduced complement C3 and C4 levels has become the predictive and disease-activity surrogate biomarkers in LN. However, more and more evidences suggest that autoantibodies other than anti-dsDNA antibodies, such as anti-nucleosome, anti-C1q, anti-C3b, anti-cardiolipin, anti-endothelial cell, anti-ribonuclear proteins, and anti-glomerular matrix (anti-actinin) antibodies, may also involve in LN. Researchers have demonstrated that the circulating preformed and in situ-formed immune complexes as well as the direct cytotoxic effects by those cross-reactive autoantibodies mediated kidney damage. On the other hand, many efforts had been made to find useful urine biomarkers for LN activity via measurement of immune-related mediators, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry proteomic signature, and assessment of mRNA and exosomal-derived microRNA from urine sediment cell. Our group had also devoted to this field with some novel findings. In this review, we briefly discuss the possible mechanisms of LN and try to figure out the potential serum and urine biomarkers in LN. Finally, some of the unsolved problems in this field are discussed. Keywords: anti-dsDNA antibodies, serum biomarkers, urine biomarkers, THP
format	article
author	Hsieh SC Tsai CY Yu CL
author_facet	Hsieh SC Tsai CY Yu CL
author_sort	Hsieh SC
title	Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
title_short	Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
title_full	Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
title_fullStr	Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
title_full_unstemmed	Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
title_sort	potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/6cac63d5fc884afeb7b42c432419d842
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Potential serum and urine biomarkers in patients with lupus nephritis and the unsolved problems

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