Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature

Abstract Background Acute abdominal pain in nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a well-known clinical symptom and is mainly related to peritonitis. The presence, although rare, of red umbilicus may guide the diagnosis as a suggestive sign of peritonitis also in the non-neonatal period. Instead, the associati...

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Autores principales:	Giovanni Conti, Nicolina Stefania Carucci, Valentina Comito, Pietro Impellizzeri, Carmela Visalli, Claudia Ventrici, Roberto Chimenz, Carmelo Romeo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Nephrotic syndrome Pediatric case reports Acute abdominal pain Peritonitis Intussusception Pediatrics RJ1-570 Surgery RD1-811
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6ce78a7d59884add891c5b8459dcfd8f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6ce78a7d59884add891c5b8459dcfd8f2021-12-05T12:16:31ZAcute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature10.1186/s43159-021-00130-72090-5394https://doaj.org/article/6ce78a7d59884add891c5b8459dcfd8f2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43159-021-00130-7https://doaj.org/toc/2090-5394Abstract Background Acute abdominal pain in nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a well-known clinical symptom and is mainly related to peritonitis. The presence, although rare, of red umbilicus may guide the diagnosis as a suggestive sign of peritonitis also in the non-neonatal period. Instead, the association between intussusception and NS is quite limited. We reviewed all published cases in the literature, and to our knowledge, this is one of the few pediatric cases of spontaneous resolution of intussusception in the setting of NS. Finally, a review of the causes of abdominal pain during the course of NS was made. Cases presentation We report two pediatric patient cases who complained of acute abdominal pain during a relapse episode of their NS. The first case is a 4-year-old boy with NS (fourth relapse) who presented with acute abdominal pain, ascites, and red umbilicus. Our suspect of primary peritonitis was clinically confirmed because of the subsequent appearance of the classical peritoneal signs. The second case is a 4-year-old boy who developed an ileo-ileal intussusception during the treatment of his first NS relapse, with spontaneous reduction. Conclusions Gastrointestinal disorders are frequently encountered in the course of NS. The appearance of acute abdominal pain in children with NS requires quick management, both clinical and instrumental. A multidisciplinary team approach needs to be encouraged to lead to an accurate diagnosis and a correct treatment.Giovanni ContiNicolina Stefania CarucciValentina ComitoPietro ImpellizzeriCarmela VisalliClaudia VentriciRoberto ChimenzCarmelo RomeoSpringerOpenarticleNephrotic syndromePediatric case reportsAcute abdominal painPeritonitisIntussusceptionPediatricsRJ1-570SurgeryRD1-811ENAnnals of Pediatric Surgery, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Nephrotic syndrome Pediatric case reports Acute abdominal pain Peritonitis Intussusception Pediatrics RJ1-570 Surgery RD1-811
spellingShingle	Nephrotic syndrome Pediatric case reports Acute abdominal pain Peritonitis Intussusception Pediatrics RJ1-570 Surgery RD1-811 Giovanni Conti Nicolina Stefania Carucci Valentina Comito Pietro Impellizzeri Carmela Visalli Claudia Ventrici Roberto Chimenz Carmelo Romeo Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
description	Abstract Background Acute abdominal pain in nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a well-known clinical symptom and is mainly related to peritonitis. The presence, although rare, of red umbilicus may guide the diagnosis as a suggestive sign of peritonitis also in the non-neonatal period. Instead, the association between intussusception and NS is quite limited. We reviewed all published cases in the literature, and to our knowledge, this is one of the few pediatric cases of spontaneous resolution of intussusception in the setting of NS. Finally, a review of the causes of abdominal pain during the course of NS was made. Cases presentation We report two pediatric patient cases who complained of acute abdominal pain during a relapse episode of their NS. The first case is a 4-year-old boy with NS (fourth relapse) who presented with acute abdominal pain, ascites, and red umbilicus. Our suspect of primary peritonitis was clinically confirmed because of the subsequent appearance of the classical peritoneal signs. The second case is a 4-year-old boy who developed an ileo-ileal intussusception during the treatment of his first NS relapse, with spontaneous reduction. Conclusions Gastrointestinal disorders are frequently encountered in the course of NS. The appearance of acute abdominal pain in children with NS requires quick management, both clinical and instrumental. A multidisciplinary team approach needs to be encouraged to lead to an accurate diagnosis and a correct treatment.
format	article
author	Giovanni Conti Nicolina Stefania Carucci Valentina Comito Pietro Impellizzeri Carmela Visalli Claudia Ventrici Roberto Chimenz Carmelo Romeo
author_facet	Giovanni Conti Nicolina Stefania Carucci Valentina Comito Pietro Impellizzeri Carmela Visalli Claudia Ventrici Roberto Chimenz Carmelo Romeo
author_sort	Giovanni Conti
title	Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
title_short	Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
title_full	Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
title_fullStr	Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed	Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
title_sort	acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6ce78a7d59884add891c5b8459dcfd8f
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Acute abdominal pain and nephrotic syndrome: pediatric case reports and review of the literature

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