Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects

Abstract Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temper...

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Autores principales:	Mitzy F. Porras, Gustavo A. Agudelo-Cantero, M. Geovanni Santiago-Martínez, Carlos A. Navas, Volker Loeschcke, Jesper Givskov Sørensen, Edwin G. Rajotte
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d2fa21bb1d444e4b7390ccf91b0c5db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d2fa21bb1d444e4b7390ccf91b0c5db2021-11-08T10:56:03ZFungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects10.1038/s41598-021-00248-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6d2fa21bb1d444e4b7390ccf91b0c5db2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00248-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temperatures (ET) across trophic levels have rarely been studied. We examined how a fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, affects upper and lower thermal tolerance, and behavior of an herbivorous insect, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and its predator beetle, Hippodamia convergens. We compared changes in thermal tolerance limits (CTMin and CTMax), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to ET), energetic cost (ATP) posed by each response (thermal tolerance and boldness) between healthy insects and insects infected with two fungal loads. Fungal infection reduced CTMax of both aphids and beetles, as well as CTMin of beetles. Fungal infection modified the tendency, or boldness, of aphids and predator beetles to cross either warm or cold ET zones (ETZ). ATP levels increased with pathogen infection in both insect species, and the highest ATP levels were found in individuals that crossed cold ETZ. Fungal infection narrowed the thermal tolerance range and inhibited thermal boldness behaviors to cross ET. As environmental temperatures rise, response to thermal stress will be asymmetric among members of a food web at different trophic levels, which may have implications for predator–prey interactions, food web structures, and species distributions.Mitzy F. PorrasGustavo A. Agudelo-CanteroM. Geovanni Santiago-MartínezCarlos A. NavasVolker LoeschckeJesper Givskov SørensenEdwin G. RajotteNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mitzy F. Porras Gustavo A. Agudelo-Cantero M. Geovanni Santiago-Martínez Carlos A. Navas Volker Loeschcke Jesper Givskov Sørensen Edwin G. Rajotte Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
description	Abstract Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temperatures (ET) across trophic levels have rarely been studied. We examined how a fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, affects upper and lower thermal tolerance, and behavior of an herbivorous insect, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and its predator beetle, Hippodamia convergens. We compared changes in thermal tolerance limits (CTMin and CTMax), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to ET), energetic cost (ATP) posed by each response (thermal tolerance and boldness) between healthy insects and insects infected with two fungal loads. Fungal infection reduced CTMax of both aphids and beetles, as well as CTMin of beetles. Fungal infection modified the tendency, or boldness, of aphids and predator beetles to cross either warm or cold ET zones (ETZ). ATP levels increased with pathogen infection in both insect species, and the highest ATP levels were found in individuals that crossed cold ETZ. Fungal infection narrowed the thermal tolerance range and inhibited thermal boldness behaviors to cross ET. As environmental temperatures rise, response to thermal stress will be asymmetric among members of a food web at different trophic levels, which may have implications for predator–prey interactions, food web structures, and species distributions.
format	article
author	Mitzy F. Porras Gustavo A. Agudelo-Cantero M. Geovanni Santiago-Martínez Carlos A. Navas Volker Loeschcke Jesper Givskov Sørensen Edwin G. Rajotte
author_facet	Mitzy F. Porras Gustavo A. Agudelo-Cantero M. Geovanni Santiago-Martínez Carlos A. Navas Volker Loeschcke Jesper Givskov Sørensen Edwin G. Rajotte
author_sort	Mitzy F. Porras
title	Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
title_short	Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
title_full	Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
title_fullStr	Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
title_full_unstemmed	Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
title_sort	fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d2fa21bb1d444e4b7390ccf91b0c5db
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Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects

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